Tag: 200-300

Precise growth of polymer brushes on silica-based nanocomposites via visible-light-regulated controlled radical polymerization was written by Li, Xue;Ye, Sunjie;Huang, Ya;Li, Jia Le;Cai, Tao. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability in 2019.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Precise control over mol. variables of grafted polymer brushes is of crucial importance for obtaining polymer nanocomposites with desirable architectures and physicochem. properties, yet it remains a significant synthetic challenge. Recent advances in photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization have enabled light-regulated polymer synthesis, in a well-controlled and environmentally friendly manner. However, the utilization of this modern synthetic technique for the precise control of polymer brushes is underdeveloped. Here, PET-RAFT polymerization has been proceeded in a spatiotemporally controlled manner upon light regulation, producing silica nanocomposites coated with well-defined polymer brushes of target mol. weights, narrow dispersities and high grafting densities. The versatility and robustness of this technique have been demonstrated by its extendibility to other monomers and silica-containing nanomaterials. In all examined cases, the resultant high-value polymer nanocomposites possess defined chain sequences and architectures, high uniformity, and can be further expanded to a library of complex nanostructures. This work represents the first demonstration of adopting the PET-RAFT approach for generating precisely controlled polymer brushes on silica-based nanomaterials, and opens a new avenue for developing polymer nanocomposites with sequence-controlled polymer brushes and complex architectures required for a variety of target applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Selective Transformations of Carbonyl Functions in the Presence of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones: Concise Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Decytospolides A and B was written by Yahata, Kenzo;Minami, Masaki;Watanabe, Kei;Fujioka, Hiromichi. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2014.Related Products of 192436-83-2 This article mentions the following:

Enones selectively react with a combination of PPh₃ and TMSOTf to produce phosphonium silyl enol ethers, which work as protective groups of enones during the reduction of other carbonyl functions and can be easily deprotected to regenerate parent enones at workup. Thus, enone PhCH:CHCOMe reacted with 3-decanone in the presence of PPh₃/TMSOTf followed by DIBAL-H reduction and K₂CO₃/MeOH to give 3-decanol in 96% yield. Treating keto-enones such as 4-MeCOC₆H₄CH:CHCOMe to the same reaction conditions gave the corresponding selectively reduced product, e.g., 4-MeCH(OH)C₆H₄CH:CHCOMe in 82% yield. Furthermore, the first ketone selective alkylations in the presence of enones were also accomplished. This in situ protection method was applied to concise asym. total syntheses of decytospolides A and B I (R = H, COMe, resp.). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2Related Products of 192436-83-2).

4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Related Products of 192436-83-2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Conformationally locked cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-based chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis was written by van Beek, Carim;Samoshin, Vyacheslav V.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.SDS of cas: 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:

An efficient synthesis for a new conformationally locked chiral cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane scaffold was developed. The conformational lock allows for convenient sym. derivatization of the amino groups through the reductive amination strategy. A series of optically pure chiral ligands I [R = Bn, 2-HOC₆H₄CH₂, 2-MeOC₆H₄CH₂] based on the cis-DACH scaffold was generated to demonstrate a proof-of-concept for these ligands as chiral catalysts in the asym. Henry reaction. Excellent yields with moderate enantioselectivity were demonstrated at room temperature, with an increase in enantioselectivity at lower temperatures, showing the potential of this new type of cis-DACH ligand. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7SDS of cas: 2387-23-7).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.SDS of cas: 2387-23-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fluoro-Substituted Methyllithium Chemistry: External Quenching Method Using Flow Microreactors was written by Colella, Marco;Tota, Arianna;Takahashi, Yusuke;Higuma, Ryosuke;Ishikawa, Susumu;Degennaro, Leonardo;Luisi, Renzo;Nagaki, Aiichiro. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Reference of 192436-83-2 This article mentions the following:

The external quenching method based on flow microreactors allows the generation and use of short-lived fluoro-substituted methyllithium reagents, such as fluoromethyllithium, fluoroiodomethyllithium, and fluoroiodostannylmethyllithium. Highly chemoselective reactions were developed, opening new opportunities in the synthesis of fluorinated mols. using fluorinated organometallics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2Reference of 192436-83-2).

4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Reference of 192436-83-2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characterization and biological studies of bis- and tera-acetyl derivatives of hydrocarbon-bridged diamines-I was written by Haque, Naheed;Hussain, Izhar. And the article was included in Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2013.Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) This article mentions the following:

A systematic study of the pharmaceutically important, double ended, chelating agents of the types CH₃CONH(CH₂)_nNHCOCH₃ and (CH₃CO)₂N(CH₂)_n N(COCH₃)₂, where n = 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, prepared by the bis- and tetra-acetylation of the corresponding diamino-polymethylenes, have been carried out. Bis- and tetra-acetyl derivatives have been characterized by their elemental anal. and the FTIR spectra, Mass spectra and ¹H NMR spectra of these compounds have been reported to establish their structures. In the present work, FTIR spectra have been found an excellent means for distinguishing the bis-acetyl derivatives from their tetra-acetyl counterparts. The structures of these bis- and tetra-acetyl compounds have further been established by their ¹H NMR and Mass Spectra. The selective pharmacol. screening of the derivatives was carried out according to the standard procedures. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities and it was found that majority of these compounds did not possess any remarkable activity. Only the compound BA1,2-DAE, showed significant antifungal activity against Microsporum canis (80%). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dual-curable isocyanate crosslinking agents blocked by methacrylate-functionalized pyrazoles with lower curing temperature was written by Kim, Soeun;Hong, Jun Ui;Ha, Miran;Noh, Seung Man. And the article was included in Progress in Organic Coatings in 2021.Name: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea This article mentions the following:

To develop a polyurethane-based automotive clearcoat with a lower curing temperature, methacrylate-functionalized pyrazole derivatives were newly designed and synthesized as isocyanate blocking agents and their chem. structures were identified by ¹H NMR. These novel blocking agents were used to block the functional groups of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) trimer (com. known as Desmodur N3300), and d. functional theory simulations were performed to predict the activation energy of the deblocking process and to determine the H-N distance in the pyrazole mols. The curing behavior of the blocked isocyanate with polyol resin at 110, 120, and 130°C was investigated using an oscillatory rheometer and a rigid-body pendulum tester. In addition, their results were compared with those for a com. available 3,5-di-Me pyrazole-blocked HDI trimer (Desmodur PL350). The thermal properties of the clearcoat films cured at 130°C were investigated using thermogravimetric anal., differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mech. anal., and the surface mech. properties of the cured films were evaluated using a nano-indentation tester. The novel pyrazole blocking agents contributed to lowering the deblocking temperature and enhancing the mech. properties via supplementary radical polymerization of deblocked methacrylate-functionalized pyrazoles, resulting in interpenetrating crosslinked polymer networks. This study provides a new concept of isocyanate blocking agents with lower deblocking temperatures and higher crosslinking densities, resulting in blocked isocyanates that can be used in various coating materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Name: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Name: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene(dithiazole)-4,5-dione derivatives: synthesis, electronic properties, crystal packing and charge transport was written by Getmanenko, Yulia A.;Fonari, Marina;Risko, Chad;Sandhu, Bhupinder;Galan, Elena;Zhu, Lingyun;Tongwa, Paul;Hwang, Do Kyung;Singh, Sanjeev;Wang, He;Tiwari, Shree Prakash;Loo, Yueh-Lin;Bredas, Jean-Luc;Kippelen, Bernard;Timofeeva, Tatiana;Marder, Seth R.. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry C: Materials for Optical and Electronic Devices in 2013.Application of 116332-61-7 This article mentions the following:

A series of dihalo- and bis-aroyl-substituted benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-diones were synthesized, and their electronic, electrochem., and elec. properties investigated. Synthetic strategies to increase (i) the conjugation length of the base mol. structure – through introduction of thiophene units bearing electronically neutral substituents (hydrogen or alkyl groups) or strong electron-withdrawing pentafluorobenzoyl group(s) – and (ii) the electron affinity – by moving to a benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione structure – were developed. Mol. packing in the single crystal was studied by single-crystal x-ray structural anal., and this information was subsequently used in the determination of the electronic band structures, densities of states (DOS), effective transfer integrals, and effective charge-carrier masses via d. functional theory (DFT) methods. The charge-carrier transport properties of the benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-dione and benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione derivatives were investigated through the fabrication and characterization of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) via both solution-processed and vacuum-deposited films. 2,7-Bis-pentafluorobenzoyl-benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-dione (I) exhibited field-effect behavior with an average electron mobility μ_e = 4.4 (±1.7) × 10^-4 cm² V^-1 s^-1 when the active layer was vacuum-deposited, and a larger μ_e= 6.9 × 10^-3 cm² V^-1 s^-1 when the active layer was solution-processed. These results are in stark contrast with the DFT-determined electronic band structure and effective mass, which indicate that the material possesses good intrinsic charge-carrier transport characteristics. The combined results reveal the importance of thin-film processing and that further processing refinements could lead to improved device performance. Only one material with benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione core, 2,7-bis-(4-n-hexyl-thiophene-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d:4,3-d’]bis(thiazole)-4,5-dione (II), showed average μ_e = 8.2 × 10^-5 cm² V^-1 s^-1 in OFET with solution-processed active layer. Unexpectedly, measurable hole transport was observed for 2,7-bis-(5-n-nonyl-thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b’]dithiophene-4,5-dione (III) (μ_h = 8.5 × 10^-5 cm² V^-1 s^-1) and 2,6-bis-(thiophen-2-yl)-3,5-di-n-hexyl-4H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophen-4-one (IV) (μ_h = 3.7 × 10^-4 cm² V^-1 s^-1). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Application of 116332-61-7).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Application of 116332-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Use of product and ingredient tools to assess the environmental profile of automatic dishwashing detergents was written by Van Hoof, Gert;Fan, Ming;Lievens, Alain. And the article was included in Journal of Cleaner Production in 2017.COA of Formula: C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

Sustainable use of resources is gaining more attention as demonstrated into recent policy goals by the United Nations and the European Union and becomes an integral part of many corporate sustainability visions. The case study shows the more efficient use of materials in P&G automatic dishwashing detergents (ADD) placed on the market in Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) by replacing sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) with Me glycine diacetic acid (MGDA). The use of phosphates in ADD in the European Union will be restricted as of 2017. This study is innovative as it combines several tools in a complementary way to enable data based decision making. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) consistent with ISO 14040/44 standards compares environmental impacts for two ADD unit dose products (i.e. with and without STPP). Different assessment tools were used to evaluate the freshwater aquatic toxicity profile: the Critical Dilution Volume (CDV), USEtox, environmental risk assessment and the Environmental Safety Check (ESC). For the relevant LCA indicators, a significant reduction (i.e. > 10%) is observed on ADD products without phosphate vs. the phosphate containing product. CDV and USEtox scores on the down the drain emissions from the new product are reduced by 30% and 22% resp. as compared to the phosphate containing formula. Overall, no major trade-offs are observed with the replacement of STPP by MGDA. Benefits are due to a 20% reduction of the mass of ingredients per dose with the new product and the replacement of STPP by MGDA. The ESC evaluation and environmental risk assessment for MGDA show that a low environmental risk is expected per its favorable environmental fate and ecotoxicol. profiles. Based on the proven safety profile of MGDA, the reductions in LCA indicators and absence of trade-offs, it can be concluded that the new product has an improved environmental profile. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4COA of Formula: C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.COA of Formula: C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Providing a New Aniline Bioisostere through the Photochemical Production of 1-Aminonorbornanes was written by Staveness, Daryl;Sodano, Taylor M.;Li, Kangjun;Burnham, Elizabeth A.;Jackson, Klarissa D.;Stephenson, Corey R. J.. And the article was included in Chem in 2019.Formula: C13H24N2O This article mentions the following:

The photochem. conversion of aminocyclopropanes into 1-aminonorbornanes via formal [3 + 2] cycloadditions initiated by homolytic fragmentation of amine radical cation intermediates was described. Aligned with the modern movement toward sp³-rich motifs in drug discovery, this strategy provided access to a diverse array of substitution patterns on this saturated carbocyclic framework while offered the robust functional-group tolerance (e.g., -OH, -NHBoc) necessary for further derivatization. The metabolic stability was evaluated for selected morpholine-based 1-aminonorbornanes demonstrated a low propensity for oxidative processing and no proclivity toward reactive metabolite formation, suggested a potential bioisosteric role for 1-aminonorbornanes. Continuous-flow processing allowed for efficient operation on the gram scale, provided promise for translation to industrially relevant scales. This methodol. only required low loadings of a com. available, visible-light-active photocatalyst and a simple salt; thus, it stayed true to sustainability goals while readily delivered saturated building blocks that reduced metabolic susceptibility within drug development programs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Formula: C13H24N2O).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Formula: C13H24N2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Super electron donors derived from diboron was written by Zhang, Li;Jiao, Lei. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2018.SDS of cas: 116332-61-7 This article mentions the following:

Single-electron transfer is an important process in organic chem., in which a single-electron reductant (electron donor) acts as a key component. Compared with metal-based electron donors, organic electron donors have some unique advantages, such as tunable reduction ability and mild reaction conditions. The development of novel organic electron donors with good reduction ability together with ease of preparation is in high demand. Based on the pyridine-catalyzed radical borylation reaction developed in authors laboratory, they have discovered that, the reaction system consisting of a diboron(4) compound, methoxide and a pyridine derivative could smoothly produce super electron donors in situ. Two boryl-pyridine based species, the major one being a trans-2H,2’H-[2,2′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diide borate complex and the minor one being a pyridine radical anion-borate complex, were observed and carefully characterized. These complexes were organic super electron donors unprecedented in literature, and their formation mechanisms were studied by DFT calculations The diboron/methoxide/pyridine system enables the preparation of organic super electron donors from easily accessible starting materials under mild conditions, which has the potential to be a general and practical single-electron reducing agent in organic synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7SDS of cas: 116332-61-7).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.SDS of cas: 116332-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics