Tag: 100-200

Oburoglu, Leal;Tardito, Saverio;Fritz, Vanessa;de Barros, Stephanie C.;Merida, Peggy;Craveiro, Marco;Mamede, Joao;Cretenet, Gaspard;Mongellaz, Cedric;An, Xiuli;Klysz, Dorota;Touhami, Jawida;Boyer-Clavel, Myriam;Battini, Jean-Luc;Dardalhon, Valerie;Zimmermann, Valerie S.;Mohandas, Narla;Gottlieb, Eyal;Sitbon, Marc;Kinet, Sandrina;Taylor, Naomi published 《Glucose and Glutamine Metabolism Regulate Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Lineage Specification》. The research results were published in《Cell Stem Cell》 in 2014.Related Products of 329-89-5 The article conveys some information:

The metabolic state of quiescent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is an important regulator of self-renewal, but it is unclear whether or how metabolic parameters contribute to HSC lineage specification and commitment. Here, we show that the commitment of human and murine HSCs to the erythroid lineage is dependent upon glutamine metabolism HSCs require the ASCT2 glutamine transporter and active glutamine metabolism for erythroid specification. Blocking this pathway diverts EPO-stimulated HSCs to differentiate into myelomonocytic fates, altering in vivo HSC responses and erythroid commitment under stress conditions such as hemolytic anemia. Mechanistically, erythroid specification of HSCs requires glutamine-dependent de novo nucleotide biosynthesis. Exogenous nucleosides rescue erythroid commitment of human HSCs under conditions of limited glutamine catabolism, and glucose-stimulated nucleotide biosynthesis further enhances erythroid specification. Thus, the availability of glutamine and glucose to provide fuel for nucleotide biosynthesis regulates HSC lineage commitment under conditions of metabolic stress. To complete the study, the researchers used 6-Aminonicotinamide (cas: 329-89-5) .

6-Aminonicotinamide (cas:329-89-5)Related Products of 329-89-5 is an aminopyridine, which is a specific pentose inhibitor and thus inhibits the NADP production.It can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of 6-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with potential application as chemotherapeutic drugs.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

De Abrew, K. Nadira;Shan, Yuqing K.;Wang, Xiaohong;Krailler, Jesse M.;Kainkaryam, Raghunandan M.;Lester, Cathy C.;Settivari, Raja S.;LeBaron, Matthew J.;Naciff, Jorge M.;Daston, George P. published 《Use of connectivity mapping to support read across: A deeper dive using data from 186 chemicals, 19 cell lines and 2 case studies》 in 2019. The article was appeared in 《Toxicology》. They have made some progress in their research.Product Details of 329-89-5 The article mentions the following:

The authors previously demonstrated that the Connectivity Map (CMap) (Lamb et al., 2006) concept can be successfully applied to a predictive toxicol. paradigm to generate meaningful MoA-based connections between chems. (De Abrew et al., 2016). Here the authors expand both the chem. and biol. (cell lines) domain for the method and demonstrate two applications, both in the area of read across. In the first application the authors demonstrate CMap’s utility as a tool for testing biol. relevance of source chems. (analogs) during a chem. led read across exercise. In the second application CMap can be used to identify functionally relevant source chems. (analogs) for a structure of interest (SOI)/target chem. with minimal knowledge of chem. structure. Finally, the authors highlight four factors: promiscuity of chem., dose, cell line and timepoint as having significant impact on the output. The authors discuss the biol. relevance of these four factors and incorporate them into a work flow.6-Aminonicotinamide (cas: 329-89-5) were involved in the experimental procedure.

6-Aminonicotinamide (cas:329-89-5)Product Details of 329-89-5 induces apoptosis in tumor cells. It is clinically used in disseminated neoplastic disease. It also acts as 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibitor. It aids in the treatment of psoriasis. It is used as cancer chemotherapeutic drug in animals.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wen, Jing;Wang, Guo-Liang;Yuan, Hong-Jie;Zhang, Jie;Xie, Hong-Li;Gong, Shuai;Han, Xiao;Tan, Jing-He published 《Effects of glucose metabolism pathways on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of pig oocytes》 in 2020. The article was appeared in 《Scientific Reports》. They have made some progress in their research.Application of 329-89-5 The article mentions the following:

The developmental competence of IVM porcine oocytes is still low compared with that in their in vivo counterparts. Although many studies reported effects of glucose metabolism (GM) on oocyte nuclear maturation, few reported on cytoplasmic maturation. Previous studies could not differentiate whether GM of cumulus cells (CCs) or that of cumulus-denuded oocytes (DOs) supported oocyte maturation. Furthermore, species differences in oocyte GM are largely unknown. Our aim was to address these issues by using enzyme activity inhibitors, RNAi gene silencing and special media that could support nuclear but not cytoplasmic maturation when GM was inhibited. The results showed that GM in CCs promoted pig oocyte maturation by releasing metabolites from both pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis. Both pyruvate and lactate were transferred into pig DOs by monocarboxylate transporter and pyruvate was further delivered into mitochondria by mitochondrial pyruvate carrier in both pig DOs and CCs. In both pig DOs and CCs, pyruvate and lactate were utilized through mitochondrial electron transport and LDH-catalyzed oxidation to pyruvate, resp. Pig and mouse DOs differed in their CC dependency for glucose, pyruvate and lactate utilization. While mouse DOs could not, pig DOs could use the lactate-derived pyruvate. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as 6-Aminonicotinamide (cas: 329-89-5) .

6-Aminonicotinamide (cas:329-89-5)Application of 329-89-5 is an aminopyridine, which is a specific pentose inhibitor and thus inhibits the NADP production.It can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of 6-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with potential application as chemotherapeutic drugs.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Morosanova, Maria A.;Kovalev, Vitaliy A.;Morosanova, Elena I. published 《Silica Xerogel Doped with Iron(III) as Sensor Material for Salicylhydroxamic Acid Determination in Urine》 in 2021. The article was appeared in 《Gels》. They have made some progress in their research.SDS of cas: 89-73-6 The article mentions the following:

Salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) is used as antimicrobic medicine and its concentration has to be monitored in urine. For the first time, silica xerogels doped with iron(III) have been proposed as sensor materials for SHA determination in biol. samples. Three xerogels with iron(III) content in the range of 0.04-1.74% wt have been synthesized. BET surface area of these xerogels has varied in the range of 696-529 m2/g and total pore volume has varied in the range of 0.92-0.23 cm3/g. Complex formation between immobilized iron(III) and salicylhydroxamic acid has been investigated with solid phase spectrophotometry and IR spectroscopy. Orange-brown iron(III)-SHA complex with 1:1 stoichiometry is formed at pH 1-4 with half-reaction time of 17 min. Silica xerogel doped with 0.33% wt iron(III)) has been used as sensor material for SHA solid phase spectrophotometric determination (LOD 1.4 mg/L (n = 3), anal. range 4-230 mg/L). Proposed sensor material has been applied for SHA determination in biol. samples of synthetic and human urine. The proposed procedusalicylhydroxamic acid re is characterized by a good level of accuracy (recovery values 97-120%) and precision (RSD values 4-9%) and can be recommended for pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies of hydroxamic acid-based medications.N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide (cas: 89-73-6) were involved in the experimental procedure.

N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide(cas: 89-73-6) has also been shown to be active against wild-type strains of Candida glabrata, but not against resistant mutants. SDS of cas: 89-73-6 This drug may have therapeutic potential for bone cancer and metabolic disorders such as obesity.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cheng, Xingkai;Man, Xuejing;Wang, Zitong;Liang, Li;Zhang, Fan;Wang, Zhiwen;Liu, Pengfei;Lei, Bin;Hao, Jianjun;Liu, Xili published 《Fungicide SYP-14288 inducing multidrug resistance in Rhizoctonia solani》 in 2020. The article was appeared in 《Plant Disease》. They have made some progress in their research.Application In Synthesis of N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide The article mentions the following:

Rhizoctonia solani is a widely distributed soilborne plant pathogen, and can cause significant economic losses to crop production In chem. controls, SYP-14288 is highly effective against plant pathogens, including R. solani. To examine the sensitivity to SYP-14288, 112 R. solani isolates were collected from infected rice plants. An established baseline sensitivity showed that values of effective concentration for 50% growth inhibition (EC50) ranged from 0.0003 to 0.0138μg/mL, with an average of 0.0055 ± 0.0030μg/mL. The frequency distribution of the EC50 was unimodal and the range of variation factor (the ratio of maximal over minimal EC50) was 46.03, indicating that all wild-type strains were sensitive to SYP-14288. To examine the risk of fungicide resistance, 20 SYP-14288-resistant mutants were generated on agar plates amended with SYP-14288. Eighteen mutants remained resistant after 10 transfers, and their fitness was significantly different from the parental strain. All of the mutants grew more slowly but showed high virulence to rice plants, though lower than the parental strain. A crossresistance assay demonstrated that there was a pos. correlation between SYP-14288 and fungicides having or not having the same mode of action with SYP-14288, including fluazinam, fentin chloride, fludioxonil, difenoconazole, cyazofamid, chlorothalonil, and 2,4-dinitrophen. This result showed a multidrug resistance induced by SYP-14288, which could be a concern in increasing the spectrum of resistance in R. solani to commonly used fungicides. And N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide (cas: 89-73-6) was used in the research process.

N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide(cas: 89-73-6) can be used:To prepare phenylboronic acid-based bioconjugates for chromatographic applications;As a ligand to synthesize Fe(III), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes.Application In Synthesis of N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Barreto, Pedro;Dambire, Charlene;Sharma, Gunjan;Vicente, Jorge;Osborne, Rory;Yassitepe, Juliana;Gibbs, Daniel J.;Maia, Ivan G.;Holdsworth, Michael J.;Arruda, Paulo published 《Mitochondrial retrograde signaling through UCP1-mediated inhibition of the plant oxygen-sensing pathway》 in 2022. The article was appeared in 《Current Biology》. They have made some progress in their research.Formula: C7H7NO3 The article mentions the following:

Mitochondrial retrograde signaling is an important component of intracellular stress signaling in eukaryotes. UNCOUPLING PROTEIN (UCP)1 is an abundant plant inner-mitochondrial membrane protein with multiple functions including uncoupled respiration and amino-acid transport1,2 that influences broad abiotic stress responses. Although the mechanism(s) through which this retrograde function acts is unknown, overexpression of UCP1 activates expression of hypoxia (low oxygen)-associated nuclear genes.3,4 Here we show in Arabidopsis thaliana that UCP1 influences nuclear gene expression and physiol. response by inhibiting the cytoplasmic PLANT CYSTEINE OXIDASE (PCO) branch of the PROTEOLYSIS (PRT)6 N-degron pathway, a major mechanism of oxygen and nitric oxide (NO) sensing.5 Overexpression of UCP1 (UCP1ox) resulted in the stabilization of an artificial PCO N-degron pathway substrate, and stability of this reporter protein was influenced by pharmacol. interventions that control UCP1 activity. Hypoxia and salt-tolerant phenotypes observed in UCP1ox lines resembled those observed for the PRT6 N-recognin E3 ligase mutant prt6-1. Genetic anal. showed that UCP1 regulation of hypoxia responses required the activity of PCO N-degron pathway ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF)VII substrates. Transcript expression anal. indicated that UCP1 regulation of hypoxia-related gene expression is a normal component of seedling development. Our results show that mitochondrial retrograde signaling represses the PCO N-degron pathway, enhancing substrate function, thus facilitating downstream stress responses. This work reveals a novel mechanism through which mitochondrial retrograde signaling influences nuclear response to hypoxia by inhibition of an ancient cytoplasmic pathway of eukaryotic oxygen sensing. And N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide (cas: 89-73-6) was used in the research process.

N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide(cas: 89-73-6) has also been shown to be active against wild-type strains of Candida glabrata, but not against resistant mutants. Formula: C7H7NO3 This drug may have therapeutic potential for bone cancer and metabolic disorders such as obesity.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nakajima, Yutaka;Aoyama, Naohiro;Takahashi, Fumie;Sasaki, Hiroshi;Hatanaka, Keiko;Moritomo, Ayako;Inami, Masamichi;Ito, Misato;Nakamura, Koji;Nakamori, Fumihiro;Inoue, Takayuki;Shirakami, Shohei published 《Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 4,6-diaminonicotinamide derivatives as novel and potent immunomodulators targeting JAK3》. The research results were published in《Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry》 in 2016.Category: amides-buliding-blocks The article conveys some information:

In organ transplantation, T cell-mediated immune responses play a key role in the rejection of allografts. Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) is specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells and associated with regulation of T cell development via interleukin-2 signaling pathway. Here, we designed novel 4,6-diaminonicotinamide derivatives as immunomodulators targeting JAK3 for prevention of transplant rejection. Our optimization of C4- and C6-substituents and docking calculations to JAK3 protein confirmed that the 4,6-diaminonicotinamide scaffold resulted in potent inhibition of JAK3. We also investigated avoidance of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) inhibitory activity. Selected compound 28 in combination with tacrolimus prevented allograft rejection in a rat heterotopic cardiac transplantation model. To complete the study, the researchers used 6-Aminonicotinamide (cas: 329-89-5) .

6-Aminonicotinamide (cas:329-89-5)Category: amides-buliding-blocks is a well-established inhibitor of the NADP+-dependent enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Ki = 0.46 μM). 6-Aminonicotinamide also reduces cardiovascular oxidative injury following ischemia/reperfusion.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Name: N,2-DihydroxybenzamideIn 2021, Dey, Tanmay;Das, Satyajit;Majumdar, Arkajo;Kar, Rup Kumar published 《Apoplastic reactive oxygen species mediated escape growth of root during illumination in Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek seedlings》. 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

Besides gravity, roots are also guided by light to grow deep into the soil and sensitivity of roots to light is evidently due to presence of photoreceptors like phototropins. Such light-induced root growth (light-escape growth) presumably involves reactive oxygen species (ROS). Present study explores the possibility of ROS action in this event during early seedling growth of Vigna radiata based on pharmacol. evidences. Germinated (20 h) seeds were incubated in dark or light in presence of general ROS scavenger (Pr gallate), specific scavengers of O^·₂^– (copper chloride; CuCl₂), H₂O₂ [dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and potassium iodide (KI)] and ^·OH (sodium benzoate) and ROS-producing enzyme inhibitors [zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (NOX); diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), inhibitor of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), inhibitor of peroxidase]. Light-induced root growth of 3-day seedlings diminished signifcantly in case of all the treatments suggesting for a pos. role of ROS in light-escape growth. This is supported by elevated level of apoplastic ROS in light grown roots as evident from ROS-specific staining [nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) for O^·₂^– and 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for H₂O₂] and spectrophotometric estimation of apoplastic ROS production (O^·₂^– and H₂O₂). In addition, higher activity of membrane bound NOX (producing O^·₂^– ) and apoplastic class III peroxidase (Prx, producing ^·OH) in light grown roots further corroborates the view that apoplastic ROS (initiated with NOX-generated O^·₂^– , which is converted, either spontaneously or by the activity of SOD, to H₂O₂ and further metabolized by Prx to ^·OH that participates in cell wall relaxation required for growth) is instrumental in light-escape growth of roots.N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide (cas: 89-73-6) were involved in the experimental procedure.

N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide(cas: 89-73-6) is a hydroxamic acid that inhibits the activity of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) reductase, an enzyme involved in the conversion of PHBA to benzoic acid. Name: N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide The compound has been shown to inhibit mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial functions, leading to cell death.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of 329-89-5《Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibition attenuates acute lung injury through reduction in NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species》 was published in 2018. The authors were Nadeem, A.;Al-Harbi, N. O.;Ahmad, S. F.;Ibrahim, K. E.;Siddiqui, N.;Al-Harbi, M. M., and the article was included in《Clinical & Experimental Immunology》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

Summary : Acute lung injury (ALI) is a heterogeneous disease with the hallmarks of alveolar capillary membrane injury, increased pulmonary edema and pulmonary inflammation. The most common direct etiol. factor for ALI is usually parenchymal lung infection or hemorrhage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADP (NADPH) oxidase (NOX2) are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiol. of ALI. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) plays an important role both in production of ROS as well as their removal through the supply of NADPH. However, how G6PD modulation affects NOX2-mediated ROS in the airway epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury has not been explored previously. Therefore, we investigated the effect of G6PD inhibitor, 6-aminonicotinamide on G6PD activity, NOX2 expression, ROS production and enzymic anti-oxidants in AECs in a mouse model of ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ALI led to increased G6PD activity in the AECs with concomitant elevation of NOX2, ROS, SOD1 and nitrotyrosine. G6PD inhibitor led to reduction of LPS-induced airway inflammation, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein concentration as well as NOX2-derived ROS and subsequent oxidative stress. Conversely, ALI led to decreased glutathione reductase activity in AECs, which was normalized by G6PD inhibitor. These data show that activation of G6PD is associated with enhancement of oxidative inflammation in during ALI. Therefore, inhibition of G6PD might be a beneficial strategy during ALI to limit oxidative damage and ameliorate airway inflammation. And 6-Aminonicotinamide (cas: 329-89-5) was used in the research process.

6-Aminonicotinamide (cas:329-89-5)Application of 329-89-5 is a well-established inhibitor of the NADP+-dependent enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Ki = 0.46 μM). 6-Aminonicotinamide also reduces cardiovascular oxidative injury following ischemia/reperfusion.

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Matsuzaki, Yuichi;Uda, Yukie;Kurahashi, Makoto;Iwahashi, Fukumatsu published 《Microtiter plate test using liquid medium is an alternative method for monitoring metyltetraprole sensitivity in Cercospora beticola》. The research results were published in《Pest Management Science》 in 2021.Quality Control of N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide The article conveys some information:

Metyltetraprole is a new quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicide showing potent activity against QoI-resistant fungi that possess the G143A cytochrome b mutation, which confers resistance to existing QoIs such as trifloxystrobin. For its sustainable use, monitoring of metyltetraprole sensitivity is necessary and the establishment of appropriate methodol. is important in each pathogen species. In Cercospora beticola, the causal agent of sugar beet leaf spot, some isolates were less sensitive to metyltetraprole (EC50 > 1 mg L^-1, higher than the saturated concentration) using the common agar plate method, even with 100 mg L^-1 salicylhydroxamic acid, an alternative oxidase inhibitor. However, microtiter tests (EC50 < 0.01 mg L^-1), conidial germination tests (EC50 < 0.01 mg L^-1) and in planta tests (>80% control at 75 mg L^-1 run-off spraying) confirmed that all tested isolates were highly sensitive to metyltetraprole. For trifloxystrobin, G143A mutants were clearly resistant upon microtiter plate tests (median EC50 > 2 mg L^-1) and distinct from wild-type isolates (median EC50 < 0.01 mg L^-1). Notably, mycelium fragments were usable for the microtiter plate tests and the test was applicable for isolates that do not form sufficient conidia. Our monitoring study by microtiter plate tests did not indicate the presence of metyltetraprole-resistant C. beticola isolates in populations in Hokkaido, Japan. The microtiter tests were revealed to be useful for monitoring the sensitivity of C. beticola to metyltetraprole and trifloxystrobin. To complete the study, the researchers used N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide (cas: 89-73-6) .

N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide(cas: 89-73-6) can be used:To prepare phenylboronic acid-based bioconjugates for chromatographic applications;As a ligand to synthesize Fe(III), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes.Quality Control of N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide

Reference:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics