Amides-buliding-blocks

Predicting the Loading Capability of mPEG-PDLLA to Hydrophobic Drugs Using Solubility Parameters was written by Sun, Jiali;Wei, Qi;Shen, Na;Tang, Zhaohui;Chen, Xuesi. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Chemistry in 2020.Application of 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

Summary of main observation and conclusion : Phys. encapsulation of drugs into polymer micelles is a common method of loading hydrophobic drugs. Methoxy polyethylene glycol-poly(D,L-lactide) (mPEG-PDLLA) is one of the most commonly used drug carrier. At present, whether a carrier is suitable for the loading of a certain drug is determined by drug loading experiments This process costs a lot of time. Therefore, an efficient predicting method to avoid time-consuming tests is critical In this study, we prepared mPEG_5k-PDLLA_5k and used it to load a series of drugs. Three parameters were used to test the miscibility of mPEG_5k-PDLLA_5k with drugs, including absolute difference in Hildebrand solubility parameters (|Δδ|), Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (Χ) and the distance (D value) calculated from the two-dimensional solubility parameters. We found the two-dimensional solubility parameters obtained from JB2013 group contribution (GC) method was useful. By comparing the drug loading content (DLC) with the D value, we found that when the D value was less than 5.0 (MJ/m³)^1/2, the miscibility of drug and mPEG_5k-PDLLA_5k was good and drug loading capability was high; when the D value was more than 8.0 (MJ/m³)^1/2, the drug was barely loaded. Thus, this work provided a rationale to qual. predict the loading capability of mPEG_5k-PDLLA_5k for hydrophobic drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Application of 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Application of 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Transamidation of primary amides with amines catalyzed by zirconocene dichloride was written by Atkinson, Benjamin N.;Chhatwal, A. Rosie;Lomax, Helen V.;Walton, James W.;Williams, Jonathan M. J.. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2012.Application of 61189-99-9 This article mentions the following:

Zirconocene dichloride has been shown to be an effective catalyst for the transamidation of primary amides with amines in cyclohexane at 80° in 5-24 h. For favorable substrates, the reaction can be performed at temperatures as low as 30°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Diethoxyacetamide (cas: 61189-99-9Application of 61189-99-9).

2,2-Diethoxyacetamide (cas: 61189-99-9) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Application of 61189-99-9

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-Catalyzed Reactions of Alkenyl Boronic Esters via Chan-Evans-Lam Coupling/Annulation Cascades: Substrate Selective Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolin-4-ones and Polysubstituted Quinolines was written by Li, Yuge;Cao, Zifeng;Wang, Zhijun;Xu, Liang;Wei, Yu. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.COA of Formula: C7H7FN2O This article mentions the following:

Copper-catalyzed cascade cyclization reactions between alkenyl boronic esters BpinC(R)=CH(R¹) [R = H, Me; R¹ = Me; RR¹ = -(CH₂)₅-, -(CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂-, -(CH₂)₂N(C(O)Ot-Bu)(CH₂)₂-] and N-H-based nucleophiles R²C(O)NHR³ (R² = 2-amino-5-fluorophenyl, 2-amino-3-bromophenyl, 2-aminophenyl, etc.; R³ = H, Me, Ph, Bn, etc.) have been established, providing new approaches for one-pot assembly of azacycles. Following the Chan-Evans-Lam C-N couplings, the cyclization processes occur via divergent pathways based on the utilized substrates, affording hydroamination product dihydroquinazolin-4-ones I (R⁴ = H, 6-Me, 8-Br, 7-F, etc.) or aromatization product quinolines II (R⁵ = Ph, 4-chlorophenyl, Me, etc.; X = H, Cl, Br, F). Via this one-pot C-N coupling/annulation cascade, the target substituted azacycles can be obtained in moderate to good yields in each case. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5COA of Formula: C7H7FN2O).

2-Amino-4-fluorobenzamide (cas: 119023-25-5) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.COA of Formula: C7H7FN2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The Effect of Tranilast 8% Liposomal Gel Versus Placebo on Post-Cesarean Surgical Scars: A Prospective Double-Blind Split-Scar Study was written by Kohavi, Libi;Sprecher, Eli;Zur, Eyal;Artzi, Ofir. And the article was included in Dermatologic Surgery in 2017.Related Products of 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

Background: Tranilast (N-[3, 4-dimethoxycinnamoyl] anthranilic acid), an antiallergic drug, has been shown to attenuate scar formation possibly through inhibition of transforming growth factor beta 1 activity and consequent suppression of collagen synthesis in fibroblasts. Objective: The authors aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of tranilast 8% gel in improving the appearance and symptoms of new post-cesarean section surgical wounds. Methods: In this prospective double-blind split-scar study, the authors treated each half scar of 26 women with either tranilast 8% liposomal gel or tranilast-free liposomal gel (placebo). Treatment was applied twice daily for 3 mo. Twenty women completed the trial. Scar halves were evaluated by 2 investigators and by the patients 9 mo after the last application using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). The participants also rated overall satisfaction and recorded side effects of the treatment. Results: The mean POSAS scores at 9 mo post-treatment were significantly lower for tranilast-treated half scars compared with placebo-treated half scars (p < .001). The women were significantly more satisfied with the tranilast-treated half-scar appearance (p = .002). Three participants reported itching and erythema on the tranilast-treated side. Conclusion: Topical tranilast 8% gel provided significantly better post cesarian section scar cosmesis and user satisfaction compared with placebo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Related Products of 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Related Products of 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper(I)-catalyzed site-selective C(sp³)-H bond chlorination of ketones, (E)-enones and alkylbenzenes by dichloramine-T was written by Jin, Jianwen;Zhao, Yichao;Kyne, Sara Helen;Farshadfar, Kaveh;Ariafard, Alireza;Chan, Philip Wai Hong. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide This article mentions the following:

Here, a copper(I)-catalyzed synthetic method for the efficient site-selective C(sp³)-H bond chlorination of ketones, (E)-enones and alkylbenzenes by dichloramine-T at room temperature were reported. A key feature of the broad substrate scope is tolerance to unsaturation, which would normally pose an immense challenge in chemoselective aliphatic C-H bond functionalization. By unlocking dichloramine-T’s potential as a chlorine radical atom source, the product site-selectivities achieved were among the most selective in alkane functionalization and should find widespread utility in chem. synthesis. This was exemplified by the late-stage site-selective modification of a number of natural products and bioactive compounds and gram-scale preparation and formal synthesis of two drug mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide).

4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Regioselective Synthesis of Enones via a Titanium-Promoted Coupling of Unsymmetrical Alkynes with Weinreb Amides was written by Silwal, Sajan;Rahaim, Ronald J.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2014.Application of 116332-61-7 This article mentions the following:

A modular titanium-promoted coupling of unsym. internal alkynes with Weinreb amides is described. The coupling reaction takes place at room temperature and affords E-trisubstituted enones in moderate to good yields with high levels of regioselectivity. E.g., in presence of Ti(OiPr)₄ and i-PrMgCl in Et₂O at room temperature, coupling of 1-phenyl-1-propyne and 4-FC₆H₄CONMeOMe gave 60% (E)-I. The system shows moderate chemoselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Application of 116332-61-7).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Application of 116332-61-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of 2-(2-Hydroxyaryl)-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazin-4-ones by Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp²)-H Hydroxylation via Electro-chemical Oxidation was written by Wu, Hongfeng;An, Qi;He, Chaoyin;Fan, Xiaodong;Guo, Weihao;Zuo, Minghui;Xu, Chunzhao;Guo, Rui;Chu, Wenyi;Sun, Zhizhong. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2020.Related Products of 49667-22-3 This article mentions the following:

An electrochem. direct ortho-hydroxylation of 2-aryl-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazin-4-ones I (R¹ = Ph, 4-chlorophenyl, 2-naphthyl, furan-3-yl, etc.; R² = H, 7-Me, 6-Cl, etc.) was developed with Pd(OAc)₂ as catalyst, oxazine ring as a directing group and Oxone as the hydroxylation reagent. A series of hydroxylation products II (R³ = 2-hydroxyphenyl, 2-hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl, 2-hydroxyfuran-3-yl, etc.) was obtained under mild conditions, and the yields were from medium to good. This method is characterized by good functional group tolerance and a wide range of substrates. More importantly, anodic oxidation is used to avoid the use of potentially toxic and polluting oxidants. A gram-scale direct electrochem. hydroxylation of 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazin-4-one was performed, and the hydroxylation product, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazin-4-one was applied to synthesize the drug deferasirox. In addition, the single crystal of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazin-4-one was obtained and determined by X-ray diffraction. Finally, the reaction mechanism was proposed and verified by cyclic voltammetry (CV). This protocol also provides an alternative electrochem. hydroxylation methodol. for the functionalization of mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzamide (cas: 49667-22-3Related Products of 49667-22-3).

2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzamide (cas: 49667-22-3) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Related Products of 49667-22-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Examination of SOD1 aggregation modulators and their effect on SOD1 enzymatic activity as a proxy for potential toxicity was written by Malik, Ravinder;Corrales, Christian;Linsenmeier, Miriam;Alalami, Huda;Sepanj, Niki;Bitan, Gal. And the article was included in FASEB Journal in 2020.Computed Properties of C18H17NO5 This article mentions the following:

Small-mol. inhibitors of abnormal protein self-assembly are promising candidates for developing therapy against proteinopathies. Such compounds have been examined primarily as inhibitors of amyloid β-protein (Aβ), whereas testing of inhibitors of other amyloidogenic proteins has lagged behind. An important issue with screening compound libraries is that although an inhibitor suitable for therapy must be both effective and nontoxic, typical screening focuses on efficacy, whereas safety typically is tested at a later stage using cells and/or animals. In addition, typical thioflavin T (ThT)-fluorescence-based screens use the final fluorescence value as a readout, potentially missing important kinetic information. Here, we examined potential inhibitors of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) using ThT-fluorescence including the different phases of fluorescence change and added a parallel screen of SOD1 activity as a potential proxy for compound toxicity. Some compounds previously reported to inhibit other amyloidogenic proteins also inhibited SOD1 aggregation at low micromolar concentrations, whereas others were ineffective. Anal. of the lag phase and exponential slope added important information that could help exclude false-pos. or false-neg. results. SOD1 was highly resistant to inhibition of its activity, and therefore, did not have the necessary sensitivity to serve as a proxy for examining potential toxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Computed Properties of C18H17NO5).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Computed Properties of C18H17NO5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel acylureidoindolin-2-one derivatives as dual Aurora B/FLT3 inhibitors for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia was written by Jagtap, Ajit Dhananjay;Chang, Pei-Teh;Liu, Jia-Rong;Wang, Hsiao-Chun;Kondekar, Nagendra B.;Shen, Li-Jiuan;Tseng, Hsiang-Wen;Chen, Grace Shiahuy;Chern, Ji-Wang. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.Safety of 3,4-Dichlorobenzamide This article mentions the following:

A series of 6-acylureido derivatives containing a 3-(pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)indolin-2-one scaffold were synthesized as potential dual Aurora B/FLT3 inhibitors by replacing the 6-arylureido moiety in 6-arylureidoindolin-2-one-based multi-kinase inhibitors. (Z)-N-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-5-((6-(3-(2-fluoro-4-methoxybenzoyl)ureido)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide I was identified as a dual Aurora B/FLT3 inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.4 nM and 0.5 nM, resp.). Compound I also exhibited potent cytotoxicity with single-digit nanomolar IC₅₀ values against the FLT3 mutant-associated human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines MV4-11 (FLT3-ITD) and MOLM-13 (FLT3-ITD). Compound I also specifically induced extrinsic apoptosis by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the Aurora B and FLT3 pathways in MOLM-13 cells. Compound I had a moderate pharmacokinetic profile. The mesylate salt of I efficiently inhibited tumor growth and reduced the mortality of BALB/c nude mice (s.c. xenograft model) that had been implanted with AML MOLM-13 cells. Compound 54 is more potent than sunitinib not only against FLT3-WT AML cells but also active against sunitinib-resistant FLT3-ITD AML cells. This study demonstrates the significance of dual Aurora B/FLT3 inhibitors for the development of potential agents to treat AML. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dichlorobenzamide (cas: 2670-38-4Safety of 3,4-Dichlorobenzamide).

3,4-Dichlorobenzamide (cas: 2670-38-4) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Safety of 3,4-Dichlorobenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery of potent nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase3 (NPP3) inhibitors with ancillary carbonic anhydrase inhibition for cancer (immuno)therapy was written by Lee, Sang-Yong;Namasivayam, Vigneshwaran;Boshta, Nader M.;Perotti, Arianna;Mirza, Salahuddin;Bua, Silvia;Supuran, Claudiu T.;Mueller, Christa E.. And the article was included in RSC Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Synthetic Route of C7H10N2O2S This article mentions the following:

Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase3 (NPP3) catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides. It is expressed by immune cells and some carcinomas, e.g. of kidney and colon. Together with ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73), NPP3 produces immunosuppressive, cancer-promoting adenosine, and has therefore been proposed as a target for cancer therapy. Here we report on the discovery of 4-[(4-methylphthalazin-1-yl)amino]benzenesulfonamide (1) as an inhibitor of human NPP3 identified by compound library screening. Subsequent structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the potent competitive NPP3 inhibitor 2-methyl-5-{4-[(4-sulfamoylphenyl)amino]phthalazin-1-yl}benzenesulfonamide (23, K_i 53.7 nM vs. the natural substrate ATP). Docking studies predicted its binding pose and interactions. While 23 displayed high selectivity vs. other ecto-nucleotidases, it showed ancillary inhibition of two proposed anti-cancer targets, the carbonic anhydrases CA-II (K_i 74.7 nM) and CA-IX (K_i 20.3 nM). Thus, 23 may act as multi-target anti-cancer drug. SARs for NPP3 were steeper than for CAs leading to the identification of potent dual CA-II/CA-IX (e.g.34) as well as selective CA-IX inhibitors (e.g.31). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 53297-70-4Synthetic Route of C7H10N2O2S).

4-Amino-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 53297-70-4) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Synthetic Route of C7H10N2O2S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics