Amides-buliding-blocks

Silver Recovery from Laundry Washwater: The Role of Detergent Chemistry was written by Nawaz, Tabish;Sengupta, Sukalyan. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2018.Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4 This article mentions the following:

The use of Ag nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent on textiles is rising. Ag leaching during laundry and its subsequent discharge in the environment pose ecotoxicol. risks. Removing Ag from laundry washwater is therefore an environmental necessity, but its recovery also leads to environmental sustainability. Low Ag concentration, competition from other cations (such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Na⁺), and complexity of the detergent matrix make the recovery process challenging. This study uses a thiol-group functionalized ion-exchange resin in a fixed-bed column to remove Ag from laundry washwater and recover it as Ag₂S nanoparticles or high-purity powder. The role of each detergent component in affecting Ag speciation and the resin performance was analyzed. Builders and bleaching agents are reported to neg. impact the resin performance; pH and cocationic species (Ca²⁺) concentration are critical parameters for the successful recovery. This work demonstrates a closed-loop sustainable scheme by recycling and reusing the resin and the regenerant solution over 5 cycles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Synthetic Route of C10H16N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Association of Glyburide and Subcutaneous Insulin With Perinatal Complications Among Women With Gestational Diabetes. was written by Hedderson, Monique M;Badon, Sylvia E;Pimentel, Noel;Xu, Fei;Regenstein, Anne;Ferrara, Assiamira;Neugebauer, Romain. And the article was included in JAMA network open in 2022.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Importance: Nearly 30% of individuals with gestational diabetes (GDM) do not achieve glycemic control with lifestyle modification alone and require medication treatment. Oral agents, such as glyburide, have several advantages over insulin for the treatment of GDM, including greater patient acceptance; however, the effectiveness of glyburide for the treatment of GDM remains controversial. Objective: To compare the perinatal and neonatal outcomes associated with glyburide vs insulin using causal inference methods in a clinical setting with information on glycemic control. Design, Setting, and Participants: The population-based cohort study included patients with GDM who required medication treatment from 2007 to 2017 in Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Machine learning and rigorous casual inference methods with time-varying exposures were used to evaluate associations of exposure to glyburide vs insulin with perinatal outcomes. Data analysis was conducted from March 2018 to July 2017. Exposures: Time-varying exposure to glyburide vs insulin during pregnancy. Main Outcomes and Measures: Outcomes evaluated separately included neonatal hypoglycemia, jaundice, shoulder dystocia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, size-for-gestational age, and cesarean delivery. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimation was used to separately compare perinatal outcomes between those initiating glyburide and insulin. This approach was combined with Super Learning for propensity score estimation to account for both baseline and time-dependent confounding in both per-protocol (primary) and intention-to-treat (secondary) analyses to evaluate sustained exposure to the same therapy. Results: From 2007 to 2017, 11 321 patients with GDM (mean [SD] age, 32.9 [4.9] years) initiated glyburide or insulin during pregnancy. In multivariate models, the risk of neonatal respiratory distress was 2.03 (95% CI, 0.13-3.92) per 100 births lower and the risk of NICU admission was 3.32 (95% CI, 0.20-6.45) per 100 births lower after continuous exposure to glyburide compared with insulin. There were no statistically significant differences in glyburide vs insulin initiation in risk for neonatal hypoglycemia (0.85 [95% CI, -1.17 to 2.86] per 100 births), jaundice (0.02 [95% CI, -1.46 to 1.51] per 100 births), shoulder dystocia (-1.05 [95% CI, -2.71 to 0.62] per 100 births), or large-for-gestational age categories (-2.75 [95% CI, -6.31 to 0.80] per 100 births). Conclusions and Relevance: Using data from a clinical setting and contemporary causal inference methods, our findings do not provide evidence of a difference in the outcomes examined between patients with GDM initiating glyburide compared with those initiating insulin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Debenzylative Sulfonylation of Tertiary Benzylamines Promoted by Visible Light was written by Fu, Ying;Wu, Qing-Kui;Du, Zhengyin. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Related Products of 383-31-3 This article mentions the following:

An efficient, general, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly photosynthesis of sulfonamides via visible light promoted debenzylative sulfonylation of tertiary benzylamines is described. Compared to the traditional S-N coupling reactions, which are promoted by oxidative C-N bond cleavage of sym. tertiary alkylamines, this strategy provides a selective C-N bond cleavage protocol and avoids the use of transition-metal, explosive oxidants, and ligands. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluoro-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 383-31-3Related Products of 383-31-3).

4-Fluoro-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 383-31-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Related Products of 383-31-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of molecular docking approach in a novel eco-friendly impurity profiling HPLC-UV method for the simultaneous estimation of ternary hypoglycemic pharmaceutical mixture was written by Fawzy, Michael Gamal;Hafez, Hani M.;Hassan, Wafaa Elsayed;Mostafa, Alaa Ahmed;Sayed, Rania Adel. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2022.Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S This article mentions the following:

The quantity of impurities found in drug products determines the final product′s safety. Impurities must thus be carefully monitored and managed throughout the drug development process. The objective of this study was to reveal a high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) method for identifying and quantifying serious nephrotoxic and skin-irritating impurities. Cyanoguanidine (CYG) and melamine (MEL) are in pharmaceutical products containing metformin hydrochloride (MTF), a widely used oral antidiabetic drug, in combination with some commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic drugs, namely, pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGT) and glibenclamide (GBC). Addnl., this study aimed to determine the ternary combination of these antihyperglycemic agents in a tablet dosage form. The separation and quantification of impurities as well as antihyperglycemic drugs were performed on a VDSpher Pur 100 C18-E (250 mm 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1 M heptane sulfonic acid (pH 2.2) and acetonitrile. A flow rate of 1.5 mL/min was used to pump the mobile phase. A photodiode array detector (PDA) was used to monitor the ternary mixture with impurities at 225 nm. The retention times for CYG, MEL, MTF, PGT, and GBC were 1.749, 2.950, 3.640, 5.062, and 7.788 min, resp. Mol. docking was also used to demonstrate how MEL toxicity could be shown by its attachment to several of albumin′s known arachidonic acid binding sites. The green anal. procedure index (GAPI) and anal. greenness calculator reveal that the method is environmentally acceptable. The new method was tested in terms of its specificity, precision, as well as its accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. The results of the study were compared statistically to the results of the method that was reported. There was no significant difference in precision or accuracy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The effect of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs on monocyte function in vitro was written by Norris, David A.;Weston, William L.;Sams, W. Mitchell Jr.. And the article was included in Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine in 1977.Formula: C20H20N8Na2O5 This article mentions the following:

Monocytes (MNL) cellular chemotaxis, bacterial killing and phagocytosis, and Oil Red O phagocytosis were studied in vitro in the presence of 8 anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs. Inhibition of Boyden Chamber migration of MNL’s in a MNL-lymphocyte mixture was achieved after 0.5 h incubation by 10-3 and 10-4 mol/L concentrations of chloroquine [54-05-7] (maximum inhibition 63%), dexamethasone [50-02-2] (58%), 6-mercaptopurine [50-44-2] (62%), Na methotrexate [7413-34-5] (66%) , and vinblastine [865-21-4] (100%). Bacterial killing was not significantly affected by any of the drugs studied. Bacterial phagocytosis was improved by vinblastine at 10-3 and 10-4M and by 6-mercaptopurine at 10-5M, but there was apparent interference with the assay at high drug concentrations Modification of the Oil Red O technique showed inhibitions of MNL phagocytosis by vinblastine at 10-3M (69% inhibition), chloroquine at 10-3M (49%), and mercaptopurine at 10-3M (32.5%). Cyclophosphamide [50-18-0], although reported to require hepatic conversion in vivo, may be partially activated in a lymphocyte-MNL mixture in vitro, producing a decrease in cell viability but no statistically significant impairment of MNL function. These results support direct inhibition of MNL cellular function as 1 of the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory action of chloroquine, dexamethasone, methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine, and vinblastine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate (cas: 7413-34-5Formula: C20H20N8Na2O5).

Sodium (S)-2-(4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioate (cas: 7413-34-5) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Formula: C20H20N8Na2O5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mass spectra of N-aryl(arylsulfonyl)-4-aminophenols (-naphthols) was written by Avdeenko, A. P.. And the article was included in Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii in 1988.COA of Formula: C13H13NO3S This article mentions the following:

The mass spectra of title compounds I (R = Ph, p-tolyl, 2-naphthyl; R¹ = H, Cl, CHMe₂; R² = H, Cl; R³ = H, Me), II (R = H, Me; R¹ = H, SO₂Ph, Cl), and III (R = R¹ = H, Cl; R = Cl, R¹ = H) at 12 and 70 eV were analyzed. The most characteristic decomposition path for the mol. ions of I is ejection of the arylsulfonyl radical. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6COA of Formula: C13H13NO3S).

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.COA of Formula: C13H13NO3S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Compensation mechanism for membrane potential against hypoosmotic stress in the Onchidium neuron was written by Nishi, Takako;Sakamoto, Katsuhiko;Matsuo, Ryota. And the article was included in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology in 2022.Name: 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide This article mentions the following:

The effect of acute hypoosmotic stress on the neural response was investigated using the neurons identified in the abdominal ganglion of the amphibious mollusk Onchidium. The membrane potential of an identified neuron (Ip-1/2) was not significantly altered in 50% hypoosmotic artificial sea water. In isotonic 50% artificial seawater (ASW) with osmolarity that was compensated for using glycerol or urea, the membrane potentials of Ip-1/2 were also not altered compared to those in 50% hypoosmotic ASW. However, hyperpolarization was induced in isotonic 50% ASW when osmolarity was compensated for using sucrose or mannose. In the presence of volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) inhibitors (niflumic acid and glibenclamide), the Ip-1/2 membrane potentials were hyperpolarized in 50% hypoosmotic ASW. These results suggest that there is a compensatory mechanism involving aquaglyceroporin and VRAC-like channels that maintains membrane potential under hypoosmotic conditions. Here, we detected the expression of aquaglyceroporin mRNA in neural tissues of Onchidium. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Name: 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Name: 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Magnesium Aldimines Prepared by Addition of Organomagnesium Halides to 2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl Isocyanide: Synthesis of 1,2-Dicarbonyl Derivatives was written by Schwaerzer, Kuno;Bellan, Andreas;Zoeschg, Maximilian;Karaghiosoff, Konstantin;Knochel, Paul. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2019.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The selective addition of organomagnesium reagents to 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl isocyanide leading to magnesiated aldimines I [R = n-Bu, Ph, Me₂NC₆H₄, etc.] was reported. These aldimines reacted with Weinreb amides, ketones or carbonates to provide the corresponding carbonyl derivatives after acidic cleavage. This allowed for an efficient synthesis of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds II [R¹ = c-hexyl, Ph, 4-MeOC₆H₄, etc.] and α-hydroxy ketones III [R²R³ = (CH₂)₅, R² = R³ = Ph, R² = c-Pr, R³ = 4-FC₆H₄]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Category: amides-buliding-blocks).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Category: amides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Intermolecular cyclotrimerization of haloketoalkynes and internal alkynes: facile access to arenes and phthalides was written by Silvestri, A. P.;Oakdale, J. S.. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:

A highly chemo- and regioselective cyclo(co)trimerization between 3-halopropiolamides RC(O)CCX [R = dimethylaminyl, morpholin-4-yl, 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-1-yl, 4-([3-(propan-2-yloxy)propyl]carbamoyl)piperidin-1-yl, etc.; X = H, Br, Cl] and internal alkynes R¹CCR² [R¹ = H, n-Bu, 4-cyanophenyl, thiophen-3-yl, etc.; R² = H, Me, 4-methoxyphenyl, thiophen-3-yl, etc.; R¹R² = -(CH₂)₁₀-] is reported. The reaction is catalyzed by CpRuCl(COD) and proceeds under air at ambient temperature in ethanol with no addnl. precautions. Iodo-, bromo-, and chloropropiolamides, esters, and ketones are viable coupling partners and, in a 2:1 stoichiometry relative to internal alkyne, yield fully-substituted arenes I and II in a single step. The highest regioselectivities (96% single isomer) were observed when employing 2° and 3°-halopropiolamides. A mechanistic hypothesis accounting for this selectivity is proposed. Notably, by using 1,4-butynediol as the internal alkyne, in situ lactonization following [2+2+2]-cycloaddition generates therapeutically-relevant phthalide pharmacophores III directly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Recommanded Product: 2387-23-7).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Recommanded Product: 2387-23-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enantioselective sulfoxide-directed preparation of 1,2-diols from oxalic compounds: formal synthesis of the 10-membered lactone core of ascidiatrienolides and didemnilactones was written by Izzo, Irene;Crumbie, Robin;Solladie, Guy;Hanquet, Gilles. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2005.Synthetic Route of C6H12N2O4 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of diene I, which is available in both possible absolute configurations is described. This diene constitutes the key intermediate of a previous synthesis of the 10-membered lactone core of the marine natural products ascidiatrienolides and didemnilactones. Intermediate I is available via two successive highly diastereoselective sulfoxide-directed reductions of oxalic diamide II. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N1,N2-Dimethoxy-N1,N2-dimethyloxalamide (cas: 106675-70-1Synthetic Route of C6H12N2O4).

N1,N2-Dimethoxy-N1,N2-dimethyloxalamide (cas: 106675-70-1) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.Synthetic Route of C6H12N2O4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics