Category: 683-57-8

In 2019,Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry included an article by Holmes, Breanne E.; Smeester, Lisa; Fry, Rebecca C.; Weinberg, Howard S.. Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoacetamide. The article was titled 《Disinfection byproducts bind human estrogen receptor-α》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Disinfection byproducts are formed during most drinking water treatment and presently number >800, some of which are implicated in human health outcomes including bladder cancer and infertility, with unknown mechanisms of action. In particular, it is not yet understood whether these compounds can disrupt the estrogen-signaling pathway through binding to the human estrogen receptor (ER). In the present study, 21 disinfection byproducts, selected for their predicted involvement in endocrine-related diseases and their structural diversity, were individually evaluated for their binding affinity to the human ER and in silico, and then a subset of these chems. was studied in binary mixtures with the known weak estrogen, 4-n-nonylphenol. Individually, 9 of the 21 disinfection byproducts were able to weakly bind to the ER, with affinities ranging from log median inhibitory concentration values of -3.83 to -2.19 M. In binary mixtures, the chems. followed concentration addition, with their weak binding affinities having little contribution to the overall mixture affinity. These results demonstrate the variety of small-mol. disinfection byproduct structures that are capable of binding to the ER, and that their weak binding can still be of importance when overall human exposure to mixtures of disinfection byproducts in disinfected drinking water is considered. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;9999:1-9. © 2019 SETAC. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Preclinical development of FA5, a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator as an innovative drug for the management of bowel inflammation》 was written by Antonioli, Luca; Pellegrini, Carolina; Fornai, Matteo; Benvenuti, Laura; D’Antongiovanni, Vanessa; Colucci, Rocchina; Bertani, Lorenzo; Salvo, Clelia Di; Semeghini, Giorgia; La Motta, Concettina; Giusti, Laura; Zallocco, Lorenzo; Ronci, Maurizio; Quattrini, Luca; Angelucci, Francesco; Coviello, Vito; Oh, Won-Keun; Ha, Quy Thi Kim; Nemeth, Zoltan H.; Hasko, Gyorgy; Blandizzi, Corrado. Synthetic Route of C2H4BrNO And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2021. The article conveys some information:

Acadesine (ACA), a pharmacol. activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), showed a promising beneficial effect in a mouse model of colitis, indicating this drug as an alternative tool to manage IBDs. However, ACA displays some pharmacodynamic limitations precluding its therapeutical applications. Our study was aimed at evaluating the in vitro and in vivo effects of FA-5 (a novel direct AMPK activator synthesized in our laboratories) in an exptl. model of colitis in rats. A set of experiments evaluated the ability of FA5 to activate AMPK and to compare the efficacy of FA5 with ACA in an exptl. model of colitis. The effects of FA-5, ACA, or dexamethasone were tested in rats with 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis to assess systemic and tissue inflammatory parameters. In in vitro experiments, FA5 induced phosphorylation, and thus the activation, of AMPK, contextually to the activation of SIRT-1. In vivo, FA5 counteracted the increase in spleen weight, improved the colon length, ameliorated macroscopic damage score, and reduced TNF and MDA tissue levels in DNBS-treated rats. Of note, FA-5 displayed an increased anti-inflammatory efficacy as compared with ACA. The novel AMPK activator FA-5 displays an improved anti-inflammatory efficacy representing a promising pharmacol. tool against bowel inflammation. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Synthetic Route of C2H4BrNO)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Synthetic Route of C2H4BrNO

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Safety of 2-BromoacetamideIn 2022 ,《Supramolecular Enhancement of Antenna-sensitized Europium(III) Luminescence by Cucurbit[7]uril Complexation》 was published in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. The article was written by Matsumoto, Masaomi; Reid, Jon; Byeman, Connor; Evbuomwan, Osasere. The article contains the following contents:

The authors report the supramol. complexation of an antenna-sensitized DOTAM-Eu complex with Cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), via the inclusion of the antenna moiety in the CB[7] cavity, observed through UV-visible and NMR spectroscopy. Eu luminescence quantum yield is enhanced by CB[7] complexation of the antenna. The photophysics of the analogous DOTAM-Gd complex was studied to elucidate the mechanism by which antenna-inclusion leads to supramol. luminescence enhancement. The authors report supramol. enhancement of Eu-ligand complex stability.2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Safety of 2-Bromoacetamide) was used in this study.

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Safety of 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Treating water containing elevated bromide and iodide levels with granular activated carbon and free chlorine: impacts on disinfection byproduct formation and calculated toxicity》 was published in Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology in 2020. These research results belong to Zhang, Chuhui; Maness, J. Clark; Cuthbertson, Amy A.; Kimura, Susana Y.; Liberatore, Hannah K.; Richardson, Susan D.; Stanford, Benjamin D.; Sun, Mei; Knappe, Detlef R. U.. SDS of cas: 683-57-8 The article mentions the following:

We evaluated the efficacy of granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption for mitigating formation of chlorine disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in water with a wide range of bromide (20-1000μg L-1) and iodide (<5-100μg L-1) concentrations GAC effectiveness was assessed by determining speciated total organic halogen (TOX), 70 DBPs, and calculated cyto- and genotoxicity. Overall, GAC treatment effectively lowered formation of TOX and the majority of targeted DBPs over the evaluated service time (>30 000 bed volumes). In the GAC influent, total organic bromine increased from 10 to 84% of TOX as bromide levels increased from 20 to 1000μg L-1. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal by GAC increased the bromide-to-DOC (Br/DOC) concentration ratio in GAC effluent relative to influent. As a result, bromine incorporation into DBPs increased after GAC treatment, especially at early GAC service times and low bromide levels. Total organic iodine was <3.5% of TOX, and iodo-DBP formation was low because elevated iodide was only evaluated in the presence of high bromide and free chlorine, a scenario that favors iodate formation. Although trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) consistently formed at the highest molar concentrations, they were not major contributors to calculated cyto- and genotoxicity. Principal contributors to calculated cytotoxicity included haloacetaldehydes (HALs), haloacetamides (HAMs), and haloacetonitriles (HANs), while the main drivers of genotoxicity were HALs, HAMs, HANs, and halonitromethanes (HNMs) despite lower concentrations Because bromine incorporation into DBPs increased nonlinearly with increasing Br/DOC concentration ratios, GAC more effectively controlled calculated toxicity at elevated bromide levels. Calculated cyto- and genotoxicity did not vary strongly with GAC service life, suggesting that GAC treatment can effectively lower calculated toxicity over long periods of operation. The majority of TOX remained unknown (>50%) in all samples despite the quantification of 70 DBPs targeted in this study, highlighting the need to assess toxicity associated with unknown DBPs. In the experiment, the researchers used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8SDS of cas: 683-57-8)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.SDS of cas: 683-57-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Mechanistic and biological characterisation of novel N5-substituted paullones targeting the biosynthesis of trypanothione in Leishmania》 was written by Medeiros, Andrea; Benitez, Diego; Korn, Ricarda S.; Ferreira, Vinicius C.; Barrera, Exequiel; Carrion, Federico; Pritsch, Otto; Pantano, Sergio; Kunick, Conrad; de Oliveira, Camila I.; Orban, Oliver C. F.; Comini, Marcelo A.. Safety of 2-BromoacetamideThis research focused ontrypanothione synthetase inhibition binding mode mol interaction Leishmania; Leishmania; Paullone; inhibition mode; thiol; trypanothione synthetase. The article conveys some information:

Trypanothione synthetase (TryS) produces N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine (or trypanothione) at the expense of ATP. Trypanothione is a metabolite unique and essential for survival and drug-resistance of trypanosomatid parasites. In this study, we report the mechanistic and biol. characterization of optimized N5-substituted paullone analogs with anti-TryS activity. Several of the new derivatives retained submicromolar IC50 against leishmanial TryS. The binding mode to TryS of the most potent paullones has been revealed by means of kinetic, biophys. and mol. modeling approaches. A subset of analogs showed an improved potency (EC50 0.5-10μM) and selectivity (20-35) against the clin. relevant stage of Leishmania braziliensis (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis) and L. infantum (visceral leishmaniasis). For a selected derivative, the mode of action involved intracellular depletion of trypanothione. Our findings shed light on the mol. interaction of TryS with rationally designed inhibitors and disclose a new set of compounds with on-target activity against different Leishmania species. In addition to this study using 2-Bromoacetamide, there are many other studies that have used 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Safety of 2-Bromoacetamide) was used in this study.

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Safety of 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application In Synthesis of 2-BromoacetamideIn 2019 ,《Solid-phase synthesis of a novel phalloidin analog with on-bead and off-bead actin-binding activity》 was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom). The article was written by Blanc, Antoine; Todorovic, Mihajlo; Perrin, David M.. The article contains the following contents:

Specific effectors of actin polymerization have found use as dynamic probes of cellular morphol. that may be used to gauge cellular response to stimuli and drugs. Of various natural products that target actin, phalloidin is one of the most potent and selective inhibitors of actin depolymerization Phalloidin and related members of the phallotoxin family are macrocyclic heptapeptides bearing a characteristic and rigidifying transannular tryptathionine bridge. Here we describe a solid-phase synthesis of a new phalloidin analog as a prototype for library development with the potential for on- and off-bead screening. To validate our method, we labeled the phalloidin derivative with a fluorescent dye which stained actin in CHO cells. Furthermore, a bioassay was developed allowing actin polymerization on beads carrying a phalloidin derivative In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Trace Analysis of 61 Emerging Br-, Cl-, and I-DBPs: New Methods to Achieve Part-Per-Trillion Quantification in Drinking Water》 was written by Cuthbertson, Amy A.; Liberatore, Hannah K.; Kimura, Susana Y.; Allen, Joshua M.; Bensussan, Alena V.; Richardson, Susan D.. Quality Control of 2-BromoacetamideThis research focused ontrace halo disinfection byproduct part per trillion drinking water. The article conveys some information:

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are a ubiquitous source of chem. exposure in drinking H2O and were associated with serious health impacts in human epidemiol. studies. While toxicol. studies have pinpointed DBPs with the greatest toxic potency, anal. methods were lacking for quantifying complete classes of most toxic DBPs at sufficiently low quantification limits (ng/L). This new method reports the parts-per-trillion quantification for 61 toxicol. significant DBPs from 7 different chem. classes, including unregulated iodinated haloacetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetaldehydes, haloketones, haloacetonitriles, halonitromethanes, and haloacetamides, in addition to regulated HAAs and THMs. The final optimized method uses salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction in a single extraction method for a wide range of DBPs, producing the lowest method detection limits to-date for many compounds, including highly toxic iodinated, brominated, and N-containing DBPs. Extracts were divided for the anal. of the HAAs (including iodinated HAAs) by diazomethane derivatization and anal. using a GC-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring, resulting in higher signal-to-noise ratios, greater selectivity, and improved detection of these compounds The remaining DBPs were analyzed using a GC-single quadrupole mass spectrometer with selected ion monitoring, using a multimode inlet allowed for lower injection temperatures to allow the anal. of thermally labile DBPs. Finally, the use of a specialty-phase GC column (Restek Rtx-200) significantly improved peak shapes, which improved separations and lowered detection limits. Method detection limits for most DBPs were 15-100 ng/L, and relative standard deviations in tap H2O samples were mostly between 0.2 and 30%. DBP concentrations in real samples ranged from 40 to 17,760 ng/L for this study. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Quality Control of 2-Bromoacetamide)

2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Quality Control of 2-Bromoacetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics