Liu, Guofeng’s team published research in Chemical Science in 2017 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides.Application of 64479-78-3 Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.

《Unexpected right-handed helical nanostructures co-assembled from L-phenylalanine derivatives and achiral bipyridines》 was published in Chemical Science in 2017. These research results belong to Liu, Guofeng; Liu, Jinying; Feng, Chuanliang; Zhao, Yanli. Application of 64479-78-3 The article mentions the following:

The construction of chiral supramol. systems with desirable handedness is of great importance in materials science, chem., and biol. since chiral nanostructures exhibit fascinating photophys. properties and unique biol. effects. Herein, we report that achiral bipyridines can co-assemble with L-phenylalanine derivatives into unexpected right-handed helical nanostructures rather than a left-handed helix via intermol. hydrogen bonding interactions formed between the pyridyl and carboxylic groups. This study opens up a route to develop chiral nanostructures with desirable handedness via the co-assembly of simple mol. building blocks and provides a straightforward insight into the chirality control of nanostructures in supramol. systems. In addition to this study using N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide, there are many other studies that have used N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Application of 64479-78-3) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides.Application of 64479-78-3 Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Qin, Xudong’s team published research in Inorganic Chemistry in 2020 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides.Application of 64479-78-3Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Qin, Xudong; Yang, Weiting; Yang, Yonghang; Gu, Dongxu; Guo, Dongyu; Pan, Qinhe published an article in Inorganic Chemistry. The title of the article was 《A zinc metal-organic framework for concurrent adsorption and detection of uranium》.Application of 64479-78-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Uranium is one of the principal raw materials in the nuclear industry, but if released into the natural environment, it also poses latent health risks to mankind. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a strategy that can concurrently detect and adsorb uranium to realize the sustainable development of nuclear power and protect the environment. In this work, a fluorescent zinc-based metal-organic framework (HNU-50) was designed and synthesized for the effective detection and extraction of U(VI). The amide groups on N-pyridin-4-ylpyridine-4-carboxamide ligands and two uncoordinated carboxyl oxygen atoms on pyromellitic acid ligands in HNU-50 provide potential uranium-binding sites. Consequently, HNU-50 is competent of selectively and efficiently catching uranyl ions, achieving an optimum adsorption capacity of 632 mg/g. Addnl., the adsorption of U(VI) results in fluorescence quenching of HNU-50, thus allowing sensitive and selective detection of U(VI) by fluorescence change. Note that HNU-50 exhibits a considerably low detection limit of 1.2 x 10-8 M for U(VI) in aqueous solution, which is below the World Health Organization maximum pollution standards for potable water (6.3 x 10-8 M). A zinc MOF was successfully constructed by the connection between Zn(II), NPYC, and PMA ligands, which can be used to concurrently detect and adsorb uranium in aqueous solution In addition to this study using N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide, there are many other studies that have used N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Application of 64479-78-3) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides.Application of 64479-78-3Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kondo, Mitsuru’s team published research in Crystal Engineering in 1999 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides.Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamideAmides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamideOn September 30, 1999 ,《New coordination networks constructed from N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide》 was published in Crystal Engineering. The article was written by Kondo, Mitsuru; Asami, Akiko; Chang, Ho-Chol; Kitagawa, Susumu. The article contains the following contents:

New coordination polymers of N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide (pia) were prepared and crystallog. characterized. Compound 1, [Cd(pia)(NCS)2]n, provides a rectangular, two-dimensional network, which is constructed by a single bridging of the pia ligand and double bridging of the NCS ligands. Compound 2, [Cu(pzdc)(pia)2]n (pzdc = pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylate), forms a fishbone-type, 1-dimensional network, which is comprised of -(Cu-pzdc)- chains with pia ligands. The imino-pyridine donor of the pia binds to the chains, in which the other remains free. The π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions between the pia ligands in the adjacent chains provide a three-dimensional structure. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides.Quality Control of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamideAmides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Xuan, Zhi-Hong’s team published research in Inorganic Chemistry in 2014 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds.Application In Synthesis of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

Application In Synthesis of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamideOn September 2, 2014 ,《Targeted Structure Modulation of “”Pillar-Layered”” Metal-Organic Frameworks for CO2 Capture》 was published in Inorganic Chemistry. The article was written by Xuan, Zhi-Hong; Zhang, Da-Shuai; Chang, Ze; Hu, Tong-Liang; Bu, Xian-He. The article contains the following contents:

Two new zinc MOFs with similar “”pillar-layered”” framework structures based on 1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′,6,6′-tetracarboxylic acid (H4bpta) and two different bipyridine pillar ligands, namely {[Zn4(bpta)2(4-pna)2(H2O)2]·4DMF·3H2O}n (1) and {[Zn2(bpta)(bpy-ea)(H2O)]·2DMF·H2O}n (2) (4-pna = N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide and bpy-ea = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane), were synthesized and studied with their CO2 adsorption properties. By anal. of the structure properties and the CO2 adsorption performances of these two MOFs, the introduction of polar acylamide groups via 4-pna resulted in 1 with enhanced CO2 capacity and CO2/CH4 selectivity at low pressure. In contrast, the framework of 2 shows flexible properties originating from the flexibility of the ethanediylidene group in the bpy-ea ligand, which benefits the sieve effect of pores to give higher CO2/CH4 selectivity at a relatively high pressure range. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Application In Synthesis of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds.Application In Synthesis of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ross, Tamsyn M.’s team published research in Dalton Transactions in 2010 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.“,” In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Formula: C11H9N3O

Ross, Tamsyn M.; Neville, Suzanne M.; Innes, David S.; Turner, David R.; Moubaraki, Boujemaa; Murray, Keith S. published an article on January 7 ,2010. The article was titled 《Spin crossover in iron(III) Schiff-base 1-D chain complexes》, and you may find the article in Dalton Transactions.Formula: C11H9N3O The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Iron(III) 1-dimensional polymeric materials, [Fe(III)(Schiff-base)(L)](BPh4).n(CH3OH) (Schiff base = N,N’-ethylenebis(salicylaldimine) (H2salen), N,N’-o-phenylenebis(salicylaldimine) (H2salophen) and N,N’-ethylenebis(acetylacetonimine) (H2acen); L = bridging di-pyridyl or di-imidazole ligand, n = 0-4) and analogs therein, were synthesized and structurally and magnetically characterized. In this series, a range of structural motifs are observed including linear 1-dimensional chains, hydrogen-bonded chains, a ‘hybrid’ 1-dimensional chain-and -dimer compound and a hydrogen-bonded dinuclear material; all exhibit extensive intermol. interactions. The magnetic consequences of varying both the equatorial Schiff-base ligands and axial bridging ligands were studied. Overall, independent of the axial bridging ligand employed, the salen equatorial ligand results in a high spin character and the acen ligand results in spin crossover character, generally with a spin transition of a gradual nature. Variations in magnetic behavior can be rationalized, in part, in terms of the C2N2 backbone conformation of the equatorial Schiff base ligand, which may either inhibit or allow a spin transition. The experimental process involved the reaction of N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Formula: C11H9N3O)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.“,” In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Formula: C11H9N3O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ghosh, Sushobhan’s team published research in Inorganic Chemistry in 2009 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.SDS of cas: 64479-78-3

《Design, synthesis, and characterizations of a series of Pt4 macrocycles and fluorescent sensing of Fe3+/Cu2+/Ni2+ through metal coordination. [Erratum to document cited in CA150:135671]》 was written by Ghosh, Sushobhan; Chakrabarty, Rajesh; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi. SDS of cas: 64479-78-3 And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry on April 6 ,2009. The article conveys some information:

On page 553, in Scheme 4, structures 2c and 2c’ were switched; the correct version of the scheme is given. This correction does not alter the inferences or conclusions of the paper. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3SDS of cas: 64479-78-3)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.SDS of cas: 64479-78-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Culp, Jeffrey T.’s team published research in Inorganic Chemistry in 2013 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

《Screening Hofmann Compounds as CO2 Sorbents: Nontraditional Synthetic Route to Over 40 Different Pore-Functionalized and Flexible Pillared Cyanonickelates》 was written by Culp, Jeffrey T.; Madden, Catherine; Kauffman, Kristi; Shi, Fan; Matranga, Christopher. Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry on April 15 ,2013. The article conveys some information:

A simple reaction scheme based on the heterogeneous intercalation of pillaring ligands (HIPLs) provides a convenient method for systematically tuning pore size, pore functionality, and network flexibility in an extended series of pillared cyanonickelates (PICNICs), commonly named Hofmann compounds The versatility of the approach is demonstrated through the preparation of over 40 different PICNICs containing pillar ligands ranging from ∼4 to ∼15 Å in length and modified with a wide range of functional groups, including fluoro, aldehyde, alkylamine, alkyl, aryl, trifluoromethyl, ester, nitro, ether, and non-metalated 4,4′-bipyrimidine. The HIPL method involves reaction of a suspension of preformed polymeric sheets of powd. anhydrous Ni cyanide with an appropriate pillar ligand in refluxing organic solvent, converting the planar [Ni2(CN)4]n networks into polycrystalline three-dimensional porous frameworks containing the organic pillar ligand. Preliminary studies indicate that the HIPL reaction is also amenable to forming Co(L)Ni(CN)4, Fe(L)Ni(CN)4, and Fe(L)Pd(CN)4 networks. The materials show variable adsorption behavior for CO2 depending on the pillar length and pillar functionalization. Several compounds show structurally flexible behavior during the adsorption and desorption of CO2. The newly discovered flexible compounds include two flexible Fe(L)Ni(CN)4 derivatives that are structurally related to previously reported porous spin-crossover compounds The preparations of 20 pillar ligands based on ring-functionalized 4,4′-dipyridyls, 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)benzenes, and N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamides are also described.N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Recommanded Product: N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ghosh, Sushobhan’s team published research in Dalton Transactions in 2007 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Product Details of 64479-78-3

Ghosh, Sushobhan; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi published an article in Dalton Transactions. The title of the article was 《Self-assembly of metal-organic hybrid nanoscopic rectangles》.Product Details of 64479-78-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The combination of an amide containing a linear ligand N-(4-pyridyl)-4-pyridinecarboxamide (L1) and an organometallic mol. clip, [{Pt(PEt3)2(NO3)}2(μ-anthracene-1,8-diyl)] (clip-1), leads to the self-assembly of a Pt4 nanoscopic framework representing the first example of a Pt-based mol. rectangle [{Pt(PEt3)2}4(μ-L1)2(μ-anthracene-1,8-diyl)2] incorporating amide functionality. The crystal structure for this platinum rectangle complex was determined A complementary approach was also followed to prepare a Pd(II)-based mol. rectangle, [{Pd(PEt3)2}2(clip-2)2], by reaction of a donor organic rigid clip, 1,8-bis[(4-pyridyl)ethynyl]anthracene (clip-2), and trans-(PEt3)2Pd(OTf)2 as the linear metal acceptor (L2). The Pd(II)-rectangle was characterized by multinuclear NMR and ESI-mass spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Product Details of 64479-78-3)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents.Product Details of 64479-78-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lochenie, Charles’s team published research in Inorganic Chemistry in 2014 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.Category: amides-buliding-blocks In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well.

Category: amides-buliding-blocksOn November 3, 2014 ,《Large Thermal Hysteresis for Iron(II) Spin Crossover Complexes with N-(Pyrid-4-yl)isonicotinamide》 appeared in Inorganic Chemistry. The author of the article were Lochenie, Charles; Bauer, Wolfgang; Railliet, Antoine P.; Schlamp, Stephan; Garcia, Yann; Weber, Birgit. The article conveys some information:

Fe(II) 1-dimensional coordination polymers [FeL1(pina)]·xsolvent with L1 being a tetradentate N2O22- coordinating Schiff-base-like ligand [([3,3′]-[1,2-phenylenebis(iminomethylidyne)]bis(2,4-pentanedionato)(2-)-N,N’,O2,O2′], and pina being a bridging axial ligand N-(pyrid-4-yl)isonicotinamide, are discussed. The x-ray crystal structure of [FeL1(pina)]·2MeOH was solved for the low-spin state. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, and the anal. of the crystal packing reveals the formation of a H bond network where addnl. MeOH mols. are included. Different magnetic properties are observed for the seven samples analyzed, depending on the nature of the included solvent mols. The widest hysteresis loop is observed for a fine crystalline sample [FeL1(pina)]·xH2O/MeOH. The 88 K wide thermal hysteresis loop (T1/2↑ = 328 K and T1/2↓ = 240 K) is centered around room temperature and can be repeated without of a loss of the spin transition properties. For the single crystals of [FeL1(pina)]·2MeOH, a 51 K wide hysteresis loop is observed (T1/2↑ = 296 K and T1/2↓ = 245 K) that is also stable for several cycles. For a powder sample of [FeL1(pina)]·0.5H2O·0.5MeOH a cooperative spin transition with a 46 K wide hysteresis loop around room temperature is observed (T1/2↑ = 321 K and T1/2↓ = 275 K). This compound was further studied using Mossbauer spectroscopy and DSC. Both methods reveal that, in the cooling mode, the spin transition is accompanied by a phase transition while in the heating mode a loss of the included MeOH is observed that leads to a loss of the spin transition properties. The pina ligand was used successfully in a crystal-engineering-like approach to generate 1-dimensional coordination polymers and improve their spin crossover properties. In addition to this study using N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide, there are many other studies that have used N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Category: amides-buliding-blocks) was used in this study.

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.Category: amides-buliding-blocks In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kumar, D. Krishna’s team published research in Crystal Growth & Design in 2005 | CAS: 64479-78-3

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.Computed Properties of C11H9N3O In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well.

《How Robust Is the N-H···Cl2-Cu Synthon? Crystal Structures of Some Perchlorocuprates》 was written by Kumar, D. Krishna; Ballabh, Amar; Jose, D. Amilan; Dastidar, Parthasarathi; Das, Amitava. Computed Properties of C11H9N3O And the article was included in Crystal Growth & Design on April 30 ,2005. The article conveys some information:

Perchlorocuprate salts, namely, [4,4′-H2diazastilbene][CuCl4] 1, [H2-N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide][CuCl4] 2, [H2-N-(3-pyridyl)isonicotinamide][CuCl4] 3, [H2-N-(4-pyridyl)nicotinamide][CuCl4] 4, [H2-N,N’-bis(4-pyridyl)urea][CuCl4] 5, [H-isonicotinic acid]2[CuCl4].2H2O 6, [2-aminopyridinium]2[CuCl4] 7, and [3-aminopyridinium]2[CuCl4] 8 were synthesized and analyzed by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. N-H···Cl-Cu H-bonding interaction is important in supramol. syntheses of these solids. However, occurrence of bifurcated H bonding N-H···Cl2Cu (synthon A) appears to be dependent on the topol. of the cations, geometry of the anions, and other weak interactions such as C-H···Cl-Cu. Salts of isomeric cations such as 2, 3 and 4, and 7 and 8 are crystallog. isostructural in their resp. groups despite having different H-bonding site topologies. The H-bonding-capable backbones (amide and urea moieties) in 2, 3, 4, and 5 do not display the typical H-bonding network involving these moieties. In the experiment, the researchers used N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Computed Properties of C11H9N3O)

N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.Computed Properties of C11H9N3O In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well.

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics