《Haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides precursors in filter backwash and sedimentation sludge water during drinking water treatment》 was written by Qian, Yunkun; Hu, Yue; Chen, Yanan; An, Dong; Westerhoff, Paul; Hanigan, David; Chu, Wenhai. Formula: C2H4BrNO And the article was included in Water Research in 2020. The article conveys some information:
Haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs) are nitrogenous disinfection byproducts that are present in filter backwash water (FBW) and sedimentation sludge water (SSW). In many cases FBW and SSW are recycled to the head of drinking water treatment plants. HAN and HAM concentrations in FBW and SSW, without addnl. oxidants, ranged from 6.8 to 11.6 nM and 2.9 to 3.6 nM of three HANs and four HAMs, resp. Upon oxidant addition to FBW and SSW under formation potential conditions, concentrations for six HANs and six HAMs ranged from 92.2 to 190.4 nM and 42.2 to 95.5 nM, resp. Therefore, at common FBW and SSW recycle rates (2 to 10% of treated water flows), the precursor levels in these recycle waters should not be ignored because they are comparable to levels present in finished water. Brominated HAN and chlorinated HAM were the dominant species in FBW and SSW, resp. The lowest mol. weight ultrafiltration fraction (< 3 kDa) contributed the most to HAN and HAM formations. The hydrophilic (HPI) organic fraction contributed the greatest to HAN precursors in sand-FBW and SSW and were the most reactive HAM precursors in both sand- or carbon-FBWs. Fluorescence revealed that aromatic protein-like compounds were dominant HAN and HAM precursors. Therefore, strategies that remove low mol. weight hydrophilic organic matter and aromatic protein-like compounds will minimize HAN and HAM formations in recycled FBW and SSW. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8Formula: C2H4BrNO)
2-Bromoacetamide(cas: 683-57-8) can be used in preparation of (2-carbamoylmethoxy-5-chloro-benzyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester. It was aslo used as precursor to dehydropeptidase I inactivator.Formula: C2H4BrNO
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics