Tranilast ameliorated subchronic silver nanoparticles-induced cerebral toxicity in rats: Effect on TLR4/NLRP3 and Nrf-2 was written by Fahmy, Eslam K.;El-Sherbiny, Mohamed;Said, Eman;Elkattawy, Hany A.;Qushawy, Mona;Elsherbiny, Nehal. And the article was included in NeuroToxicology in 2021.COA of Formula: C18H17NO5 This article mentions the following:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely applied in various aspects of life. However, recent studies reported their potential toxicity both on environment and human health. The present study aimed to unravel the underlying mol. mechanisms involved in AgNPs-induced brain toxicity. Moreover, chemopreventive effect of tranilast, an analog of tryptophan metabolite and a mast cell membrane stabilizer was evaluated. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were enrolled equally into Normal control group, AgNPs-intoxicated group (50 mg/kg, 3 times/wk) and tranilast (300 mg/kg, 3 times/wk)+AgNPs group. AgNPs administration triggered brain oxidative stress as depicted by reduced Nrf-2 expression, decreased TAC and GSH as well as upregulated brain lipid peroxidation The apparent brain oxidative damage was accompanied by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-β1;, IL-6 and TNF-α). Moreover, brain levels of TLR4, NLRP3 and caspase-1 were up-regulated. Addnl., histol. study indicated marked cellular injury in cerebrum and cerebellum specimens. This was concomitant with elevated serum CK activity and CK-BB level. On the other hand, tanilast administration remarkably alleviated AgNPs-induced brain toxicity. The present study shed the light on implication of TLR4/NLRP3 axis and NrF2 in AgNPs-induced brain toxicity. In addition, it explored the potential protective effect of tranilast on AgNPs-induced brain injury via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8COA of Formula: C18H17NO5).
2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.COA of Formula: C18H17NO5
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics