Synthesis and comparison of four magnetic sorbents for dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of antidiabetic drugs in urine and water samples was written by Bagheri Zomoorodi, Zohreh;Masrournia, Mahboubeh;Abedi, Mohamad Reza. And the article was included in Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society in 2022.Category: amides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:
Gliclazide (GLZ) and glyburide (GLY) are two sulfonylurea-type antidiabetic drugs used to control type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin produced and released from the pancreas. Their determination in water and biol. samples is crucial to investigate their adverse effects on the environment and humans. A simple and inexpensive dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (DμSPE) as a sample preparation procedure was introduced to extract and clean up GLZ and GLY from various environmental water and biol. samples. Due to the critical importance of sorbents in the extraction method, four magnetic sorbents, such as magnetic CoFe2O4, magnetic CoFe2O4/MCM-48, magnetic CoFe2O4/MCM-48/β-cyclodextrin, and magnetic CoFe2O4/MCM-48/chitosan, were prepared by straightforward and inexpensive methods without sophisticated tools. The ability of four sorbents to extract GLZ and GLY was compared, indicating that magnetic CoFe2O4/MCM-48/chitosan as a green sorbent displayed the highest extraction recoveries toward the analytes. Effective factors on the GLZ and GLY extraction with DμSPE were investigated and optimized using the Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken design for screening the factors and optimizing the significant factors. Under the optimal condition, the method was linear in the concentration range of 0.4-400 and 0.7-520 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.11 and 0.21 ng mL-1 for the GLZ and GLY determination, resp. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (n = 3) for the analyte determination with a concentration of 10 ng mL-1 were lower than 5.06 and 5.27%, resp. Anal. of spiked tap water, river water, well water, and urine samples indicated that the method has high relative recoveries in the percentage range of 89.6-95.8% with a relative standard deviation between 4.4 and 6.2%. The advantages of the method for the GLZ and GLY determination include low sorbent and desorption solution consumption, proper extraction and desorption time, simple and rapid sorbent separation with simple operation that can utilize for routine anal. of GLZ and GLY in environmental water and biol. samples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Category: amides-buliding-blocks).
5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Category: amides-buliding-blocks
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics