Month: February 2023

Physical and enzymatic properties of a new manganese peroxidase from the white-rot fungus Trametes pubescens strain i8 for lignin biodegradation and textile-dyes biodecolorization was written by Rekik, Hatem;Zarai Jaouadi, Nadia;Bouacem, Khelifa;Zenati, Bilal;Kourdali, Sidali;Badis, Abdelmalek;Annane, Rachid;Bouanane-Darenfed, Amel;Bejar, Samir;Jaouadi, Bassem. And the article was included in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2019.Related Products of 10543-57-4 This article mentions the following:

A new manganese peroxidase-producing white-rot basidiomycete fungus was isolated from symptomatic wood of the camphor trees Cinnamomum camphora (L.) at the Hamma Botanical Garden (Algeria) and identified as Trametes pubescens strain i8. The enzyme was purified (MnP TP55) to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity and biochem. characterized. The specific activity and Reinheitzahl value of the purified enzyme were 221 U/mg and 2.25, resp. MALDI-TOF/MS anal. revealed that the purified enzyme was a monomer with a mol. mass of 55.2 kDa. The NH₂-terminal sequence of the first 26 amino acid residues of MnP TP55 showed high similarity with those of white-rot fungal peroxidases. It revealed optimal activity at pH 5 and 40 °C. This peroxidase was completely inhibited by sodium azide and potassium cyanide, suggesting the presence of heme-components in its tertiary structure. Interestingly, MnP TP55 showed higher catalytic efficiency, organic solvent-tolerance, dye-decolorization ability, and detergent-compatibility than that of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from roots of Armoracia rustanica, manganese peroxidase from Bjerkandera adusta strain CX-9 (MnP BA30), and manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium (MnP PC). Overall, the findings provide strong support for the potential candidacy of MnP TP55 for environmental applications, mainly the development of enzyme-based technologies for lignin biodegradation, textile-dyes biodecolorization, and detergent formulations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Related Products of 10543-57-4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides include many other important biological compounds, as well as many drugs like paracetamol, penicillin and LSD. Low-molecular-weight amides, such as dimethylformamide, are common solvents. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Related Products of 10543-57-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

One-pot sequential 1,2-addition, Pd-catalysed cross-coupling of organolithium reagents with Weinreb amides was written by Giannerini, M.;Vila, C.;Hornillos, V.;Feringa, B. L.. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2016.COA of Formula: C9H10BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

An efficient sequential 1,2-addition/cross-coupling of Weinreb amides with two organolithium reagents is reported. This synthetic approach allows access to a wide variety of functionalized ketones in a modular way. The one-pot procedure presented here takes advantage of a kinetically stable tetrahedral Weinreb intermediate during subsequent Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling with the second organolithium reagent leading, within short reaction times and under mild conditions, to the formation of ketones in excellent overall yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2COA of Formula: C9H10BrNO2).

4-Bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide (cas: 192436-83-2) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.COA of Formula: C9H10BrNO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cross-Coupling of Secondary Amides with Tertiary Amides: The Use of Tertiary Amides as Surrogates of Alkyl Carbanions for Ketone Synthesis was written by Wang, Shu-Ren;Huang, Pei-Qiang. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Chemistry in 2019.Computed Properties of C11H13NO2 This article mentions the following:

Herein, we reported the cross-coupling of secondary amides with tertiary amides, which provided a synthesis of ketones R¹C(O)R² [R¹ = Et, 2-thienyl, Ph, etc.; R² = i-Pr, i-Bu, cyclohexyl, etc.] under mild conditions and features the use of tertiary amides as surrogates of alkyl carbanions. The method relied on the coupling of enamines, generated from tertiary amides by catalytic partial reduction of tertiary amides with Vaska’s catalyst, with nitrilium ions, formed in-situ from secondary amides via activation with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and on the subsequent deformylation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0Computed Properties of C11H13NO2).

4-Formyl-N-isopropylbenzamide (cas: 13255-50-0) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Computed Properties of C11H13NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sustainable synthesis of monodispersed gold nanoparticles from Phoenix dactylifera L. and in vivo anti-diabetic activity on Alloxan induced mice was written by Zahid, Rabbia;Rizvi, Syeda Nayab Batool;Qureshi, Zahid;Din, Muhammad Imran. And the article was included in Vibrational Spectroscopy in 2022.Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S This article mentions the following:

In the present study, gold nanoparticles biogenically synthesized from Date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were investigated for its anti-diabetic properties. About thirty-two albino mice were selected and 7 days of acclimatization were studied then they were randomly divided into 4 groups (I-IV) of 8 rats each. These groups were i.p. injected with 100 mg/Kg body weight of Alloxan monohydrate. The groups were labeled as a diabetic group, control group, diabetic group treated with standard drug Glibenclamide (100 mg/Kg body weight), and diabetic group treated with AuNPs (100 mg/Kg body weight). This treatment was performed for 28 days via oral administration. The results showed a significant decline in the concentration of their blood glucose level after 28 days of continuous administration of AuNPs. Addnl., AuNPs significantly recovered the damage done to pancreatic, renal, and hepatic tissues in Alloxan induced mice. Hence, AuNPs formed through Phoenix dactylifera L. has appreciable anti-diabetic outcome in preclin. settings. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multi stage peroxide and activated peroxide bleaching of kenaf bast pulp was written by Zeinaly, Farhad;Shakhes, Jalal;Zeinali, Nooshin. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Polymers in 2013.Safety of N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) This article mentions the following:

Soda-anthraquinone kenaf bast pulp (12.5 kappa number and 32% ISO brightness) has been bleached with multi stage peroxide bleaching process. Bleaching process was carried out in different sequences of peroxide stage without and with activator (tetraacetylethylenediamine, TAED) to about 80% ISO brightness. Full bleached pulp production with high brightness and viscosity and also, low COD and no adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in effluent are the aims of this study. The effects of temperature, retention time, chem. charges, TAED/peroxide ratio and alkalinity have been studied in order to maximize the brightness gain at the lowest viscosity loss. H₂O₂ was activated as bleaching agent under milder conditions, such as low alkalinity or low temperature, by TAED activator. Therefore, TAED charge caused to an improvement in viscosity, pulp yield and effluent COD load. Pre-treatment with EDTA for 30 min and in acidic condition gave 2-4% gain in ISO brightness. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Safety of N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Safety of N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hypervalent Iodine Catalyzed Hofmann Rearrangement of Carboxamides Using Oxone as Terminal Oxidant was written by Yoshimura, Akira;Middleton, Kyle R.;Luedtke, Matthew W.;Zhu, Chenjie;Zhdankin, Viktor V.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2012.Related Products of 10268-06-1 This article mentions the following:

Hofmann rearrangement of carboxamides to carbamates using Oxone as an oxidant can be efficiently catalyzed by iodobenzene. This reaction involves hypervalent iodine species generated in situ from catalytic amount of PhI and Oxone in the presence of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in aqueous methanol solutions Under these conditions, Hofmann rearrangement of various carboxamides affords corresponding carbamates in high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide (cas: 10268-06-1Related Products of 10268-06-1).

2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide (cas: 10268-06-1) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Related Products of 10268-06-1

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Investigation of drug delivery in rats via subcutaneous injection: Case study of pharmacokinetic modeling of suspension formulations was written by Chiang, Po-Chang;Nagapudi, Karthik;Fan, Peter W.;Liu, Jia. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) in 2019.Related Products of 2387-23-7 This article mentions the following:

With the rising cost of drug research, “do more with less” has become a new emphasis in the pharmaceutical industry. Consequently, the early anal. of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic, efficacy, and safety parameters for a new drug target is critical for ensuring informed decision-making as soon as possible during the drug discovery process. When absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties of compounds are suboptimal which is especially true during the early stages of drug discovery, obtaining the desired exposure can be challenging via the most common routes (oral, i.v.). Therefore, s.c. (SC) injection is often explored as an alternate route of delivery. Although SC injection is used widely in the industry, information about how to model and predict the absorption of drugs administered via SC injection is not readily available. In the current research, we analyzed the absorption behavior of 12 model compounds covering a wide range of physicochem. properties following SC injection. We introduced a compound-specific parameter, the absorption factor from single SC injections of suspension doses of each compound, to aid in modeling and predicting of drug absorption profiles. The pharmacokinetic models derived in this study are capable of describing and predicting the absorption properties of SC injection for individual compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Related Products of 2387-23-7).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Related Products of 2387-23-7

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The key role of organic anion transporter 3 in the drug-drug interaction between tranilast and methotrexate was written by Wang, Jingjing;Yuan, Wenjing;Shen, Qingqing;Wu, Qipeng;Jiang, Zhenzhou;Wu, Wei;Zhang, Luyong;Huang, Xin. And the article was included in Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C18H17NO5 This article mentions the following:

Tranilast, N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic acid, is an anti-allergic drug and is considered for use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Methotrexate, an antimetabolite and folate antagonist to treat some cancers, is also a first-line drug for RA. The aim of this study was to understand whether tranilast could inhibit renal uptake transporters (Oat1, Oat3, and Oct2) and whether MTX combined with TL would have drug-drug interactions. The results of kidney slices and HEK293T-OAT3 cell uptake experiments showed that TL (10μM) could inhibit the uptake of penicillin G and MTX, which are substrates of OAT3. When TL (10 mg/kg) was combined with MTX (5 mg/kg), the area under the curve and peak concentration of MTX increased by 46.46% and 113.51%, respectivley, while the pharmacokinetic process of tranilast (10 mg/kg) was not changed by methotrexate (5 mg/kg). TL could increase plasma exposure of MTX by inhibiting Oat3 in vitro and in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Synthetic Route of C18H17NO5).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides are stable compounds. The lower-melting members (such as acetamide) can be readily purified by fractional distillation. Most amides are solids which have low solubilities in water.Synthetic Route of C18H17NO5

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A selenium-catalysed para-amination of phenols was written by Yan, Dingyuan;Wang, Guoqiang;Xiong, Feng;Sun, Wei-Yin;Shi, Zhuangzhi;Lu, Yi;Li, Shuhua;Zhao, Jing. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2018.Recommanded Product: 1146-43-6 This article mentions the following:

Se-catalyzed para-amination of phenols was reported while, in contrast, the reactions with sulfur donors were stoichiometric. A catalytic amount of phenylselenyl bromide smoothly converts N-aryloxyacetamides to N-acetyl p-aminophenols. When the para position was substituted (for example, with tyrosine), the dearomatization occurred and 4,4-disubstituted cyclodienone products were obtained. A combination of exptl. and computational studies was conducted and suggested the weaker Se-N bond plays a key role in the completion of the catalytic cycle. Our method extends the selenium-catalyzed processes to the functionalization of aromatic compounds Finally, the mild nature of the para-amination reaction was demonstrated by generating an AIEgen 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT) product in a fluorogenic fashion in a PBS buffer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6Recommanded Product: 1146-43-6).

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Recommanded Product: 1146-43-6

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

N-Arylsulfonylquinone imines was written by Burmistrov, S. I.;Titov, E. A.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii in 1952.Formula: C13H13NO3S This article mentions the following:

N-Arylsulfonyl-p-quinone imines, derivatives of p-quinone, liberated iodine quantitatively from acid KI solutions; they form indophenols with PhOH and 1-C₁₀H₇OH; the arylsulfonyl group is cleaved as an anion of arylsulfinic acid. To 64.2 g. p-HOC₆H₄NH₂.HCl, 84.8 g. Na₂CO₃, and 400 ml. H₂O was added 76.2 g. p-MeC₆H₄SO₂Cl, and the mixture heated on a steam bath 2.5 hrs., then cooled, yielding 103 g. p-(p-tolylsulfonamido)phenol, m. 144.5° (from H₂O). This (10 g.) added at room temperature to 5.7 g. K₂Cr₂O₇.2H₂O in 175 ml. 20% H₂SO₄ and stirred 50 min., then dilute with H₂O, yielded a precipitate which was washed with H₂O and EtOH to remove unreacted material; crystallization of the product in small portions from EtOH gave 79-84% N-(p-tolylsulfonyl)-p-quinoneimine (I), m. 126.5°, orange-yellow, giving a blue color with PhOH and a violet color with 1-naphthol in ammoniacal solution Heating with 20% H₂SO₄ gives p-quinone. The imine can be also prepared by oxidation with CrO₃ in AcOH, but PbO₂ gave very low yields. The use of PhSO₂Cl in the above sequence gave pink p-(phenylsulfonamido)phenol, m. 155°; this oxidized as above, gave yellow 70% N-(phenylsulfonyl)-p-quinone imine, m. 137°. Similarly was prepared N-(p-tolylsulfonamido)-1-naphthol, m. 183° (from xylene), which oxidized to the corresponding naphthoquinone imine, m. 156°, in contrast to the 1st 2 analogs, does not liberate iodine quantitatively from KI nor does it give blue color with PhOH in NH₄OH solution, but does give a blue color with 1-naphthol. Shaking 4.36 g. I with 2.4 g. PhOH in NH₄OH, followed by filtration after the color is stabilized, and neutralization of the solution with AcOH gave red-brown indophenol, p-OC₆H₄:NC₆H₄OH, m. 160°; evaporation of the aqueous solution gave p-C₆H₄SO₂H, m. 85°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6Formula: C13H13NO3S).

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (cas: 1146-43-6) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Formula: C13H13NO3S

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics