Month: January 2023

Thermoresponsive Complex Coacervate-Based Underwater Adhesive was written by Dompe, Marco;Cedano-Serrano, Francisco J.;Heckert, Olaf;van den Heuvel, Nicoline;van der Gucht, Jasper;Tran, Yvette;Hourdet, Dominique;Creton, Costantino;Kamperman, Marleen. And the article was included in Advanced Materials (Weinheim, Germany) in 2019.Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea This article mentions the following:

Sandcastle worms have developed protein-based adhesives, which they use to construct protective tubes from sand grains and shell bits. A key element in the adhesive delivery is the formation of a fluidic complex coacervate phase. After delivery, the adhesive transforms into a solid upon an external trigger. In this work, a fully synthetic in situ setting adhesive based on complex coacervation is reported by mimicking the main features of the sandcastle worm’s glue. The adhesive consists of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes grafted with thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains and starts out as a fluid complex coacervate that can be injected at room temperature Upon increasing the temperature above the lower critical solution temperature of PNIPAM, the complex coacervate transitions into a nonflowing hydrogel while preserving its volume-the water content in the material stays constant The adhesive functions in the presence of water and bonds to different surfaces regardless of their charge. This type of adhesive avoids many of the problems of current underwater adhesives and may be useful to bond biol. tissues. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Examining the antimicrobial efficacy of granulated tetraacetylethylenediamine derived peracetic acid and commercial peracetic acid in urban wastewaters was written by Spencer-Williams, Isaiah;Theobald, Allister;Cypcar, Christopher C.;Casson, Leonard W.;Haig, Sarah-Jane. And the article was included in Water Environment Research in 2022.Recommanded Product: 10543-57-4 This article mentions the following:

The ever-increasing need for access to safe water has meant that alternative water sources and innovative water reclamation approaches are often required to meet the global water demand. As a result, many wastewater treatment facilities have faced regulatory pressure to seek alternative disinfection methods that ensure public health safety, while adhering to regulations that set limits on carcinogenic disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Peracetic acid (PAA) is an emerging wastewater disinfectant in the United States that has been widely used in other industries such as food sanitization and does not produce carcinogenic DBPs. However, several factors such as transport, storage, and phys. and chem. effects have stymied its widespread use in wastewater markets. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the antimicrobial efficacy of an on-site generated PAA compared against a com. available PAA. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed using standard fecal contamination indicators (i.e., total coliforms and Escherichia coli ) in six urban wastewater treatment facilities ranging in size and treatment processes. Overall, few statistical differences were found between the antimicrobial efficacies of on-site generated PAA and com. available PAA; however, before becoming more widely utilized, the on-site PAA should be tested against emerging fecal contamination indicators (e.g., human norovirus and enterovirus) and be assessed in terms of economic and sustainability impacts. Practitioner Points : Alternative Ct approaches should be considered when using disinfectants like PAA. On-site generated PAA can achieve the same level of disinfection as com. PAA. On-site generation of PAA may help further its use as a wastewater disinfectant. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Recommanded Product: 10543-57-4).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. The presence of the amide group –C(=O)N– is generally easily established, at least in small molecules. It can be distinguished from nitro and cyano groups in IR spectra. Amides exhibit a moderately intense νCO band near 1650 cm−1. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, CONHR signals occur at low fields. In X-ray crystallography, the C(=O)N center together with the three immediately adjacent atoms characteristically define a plane.Recommanded Product: 10543-57-4

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-oxadiazole core derivatives as potential neuroprotectants against acute ischemic stroke was written by Shi, Jinguo;Wang, Yang;Chen, Jianwen;Lao, Yaoqiang;Huang, Ping;Liao, Liping;Jiang, Caibao;Li, Xinhua;Wen, Jin;Zhou, Shujia;Zhang, Jingxia. And the article was included in Neurochemistry International in 2021.Recommanded Product: 49667-22-3 This article mentions the following:

Here, we report the synthesis and neuroprotective capacity of 27 compounds with a bisphenol hydroxyl-substituted 1,2,4-triazole core or 1,2,4-oxadiazole core for stroke therapy. In vitro studies of the neuroprotective effects of compounds 1-27 on sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells indicate that compound 24 is the most effective compound conferring potent protection against oxidative injury. Compound 24 inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and restores the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, further anal. of the mechanism showed that compound 24 activates the antioxidant defense system by promoting the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increasing the expression of haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1). An in vivo study was performed in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia generated by the intraluminal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Compound 24 significantly reduced brain infarction and improved neurol. function. Overall, compound 24 potentially represents a promising compound for the treatment of stroke. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzamide (cas: 49667-22-3Recommanded Product: 49667-22-3).

2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzamide (cas: 49667-22-3) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Recommanded Product: 49667-22-3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phytochemical Analysis, Acute Toxicity, as well as Antihyperglycemic and Antidiabetic Activities of Corchorus olitorius L. Leaf Extracts. was written by Nakaziba, Rebecca;Lubega, Aloysius;Ogwal-Okeng, Jasper;Alele, Paul E. And the article was included in TheScientificWorldJournal in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 10238-21-8 This article mentions the following:

Backgroundand Aim. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that has no known cure with continuous endeavors to find a therapy for the condition. According to some studies, traditional leafy vegetables could prevent and manage diabetes by modifying the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In this study, a phytochemical analysis, acute toxicity, as well as antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic activity testing of the methanolic, diethyl ether, and aqueous leaf extracts of Corchorus olitorius L. was performed. Materials and Methods. Methanolic, diethyl ether, and aqueous leaf extracts of Corchorus olitorius L. were prepared by serial extraction. Phytochemical analysis was performed following standard methods. 52 mice were separated into 13 groups (A-M) of 4 and received extracts’ doses ranging from 1000 mg/kg to 5000 mg/kg for the acute toxicity testing. For the antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic activities testing, 48 rats were divided into 8 groups of 6 and received 500 mg/kg of each extract. 10 mg/kg of glibenclamide and distilled water were used as controls. Data were analyzed using Prism GraphPad version 8.0.2 (263). Results. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, reducing sugars, saponins, and terpenoids. There were no acute toxicity signs observed in this study. Corchorus olitorius L. extracts demonstrated moderate antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic activities. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest degree of antihyperglycemic activity. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the extracts and the negative control (p > 0.05), but with glibenclamide (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Corchorus olitorius L. is a safe and potential postprandial antidiabetic vegetable that could minimize the rise in blood glucose after a meal. We therefore recommend further investigations into the antidiabetic properties of the vegetable using purified extracts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8HPLC of Formula: 10238-21-8).

5-Chloro-N-(4-(N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (cas: 10238-21-8) belongs to amides. In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Thus amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents; the oxygen atom can accept hydrogen bonds from water and the N–H hydrogen atoms can donate H-bonds. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.HPLC of Formula: 10238-21-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Combined scouring and bleaching of cotton/linen blends by a near-neutral activated peroxide system was written by Li, Ling;Li, Qing. And the article was included in Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe in 2020.Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) This article mentions the following:

The simultaneous scouring and bleaching of cotton/linen blends was performed in a near-neutral activated peroxide system (pH = 7.2). A response surface quadratic model (RSQM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was established to investigate and optimize the bleaching performance. Research results showed that hydrophobic impurities in the blends had little impact on the bleaching. Temperature was the most significant factor affecting the fabric’s whiteness index (WI), followed by the concentration and duration of the activator tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED). The optimized process was performed at 70°C for 40 min, incorporating 20 mmol/l of TAED and 42 mmol/l of H₂O₂. Compared with the conventional process carried out at 95°C for 60 min and adding 80 mmol/l H₂O₂, the activation process provided the fabric with comparable WI and wettability, a smoother and cleaner microcosmic surface, as well as the advantages of saving energy and preserving fabric. This study confirmed the feasibility of an efficient one-step process for neutral scouring and bleaching. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)).

N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide) (cas: 10543-57-4) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. Amides can be recrystallised from large quantities of water, ethanol, ethanol/ether, aqueous ethanol, chloroform/toluene, chloroform or acetic acid. The likely impurities are the parent acids or the alkyl esters from which they have been made. The former can be removed by thorough washing with aqueous ammonia followed by recrystallisation, whereas elimination of the latter is by trituration or recrystallisation from an organic solvent.Recommanded Product: N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

C-H Oxygenation Reactions Enabled by Dual Catalysis with Electrogenerated Hypervalent Iodine Species and Ruthenium Complexes was written by Massignan, Leonardo;Tan, Xuefeng;Meyer, Tjark H.;Kuniyil, Rositha;Messinis, Antonis M.;Ackermann, Lutz. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Synthetic Route of C10H10F3NO2 This article mentions the following:

The catalytic generation of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents by anodic electrooxidation was orchestrated towards an unprecedented electrocatalytic C-H oxygenation of weakly coordinating aromatic amides and ketones. Thus, catalytic quantities of iodoarenes in concert with catalytic amounts of ruthenium(II) complexes set the stage for versatile C-H activations with ample scope and high functional group tolerance. Detailed mechanistic studies by experiment and computation substantiate the role of the iodoarene as the electrochem. relevant species towards C-H oxygenations with electricity as a sustainable oxidant and mol. hydrogen as the sole byproduct. Para-Selective C-H oxygenations likewise proved viable in the absence of directing groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7Synthetic Route of C10H10F3NO2).

N-Methoxy-N-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (cas: 116332-61-7) belongs to amides. Amides are pervasive in nature and technology. Proteins and important plastics like Nylons, Aramid, Twaron, and Kevlar are polymers whose units are connected by amide groups (polyamides); these linkages are easily formed, confer structural rigidity, and resist hydrolysis. As a result of interactions such as these, the water solubility of amides is greater than that of corresponding hydrocarbons. These hydrogen bonds are also have an important role in the secondary structure of proteins.Synthetic Route of C10H10F3NO2

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deep Angiomyxoma of the Thigh That Is Difficult to Diagnose: A Case Report and Literature Review. was written by Tsuchie, Hiroyuki;Miyakoshi, Naohisa;Nagasawa, Hiroyuki;Nanjo, Hiroshi;Shimada, Yoichi. And the article was included in Acta medica Okayama in 2021.Recommanded Product: 53902-12-8 This article mentions the following:

We present an extremely rare case of deep angiomyxoma (DAM) in the thigh that was misdiagnosed as desmoid-type fibromatosis. A 40-year-old Japanese woman presented with a mass on the left thigh. The histological diagnosis by needle biopsy was desmoid-type fibromatosis; the tumor grew slowly and was resected 4 years later. The histological diagnosis from the resected tumor was DAM. As of 16 months post-surgery, the patient has not noticed any local recurrence. Although DAM in a lower extremity is extremely rare, clinicians must be aware of its possible occurrence in areas relatively close to the pelvis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8Recommanded Product: 53902-12-8).

2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Amides are not in general accessible by the direct condensation of amines with carboxylic acids for two reasons: first, both components are readily deactivated by a transfer of a proton from the acid to the amine and second, the hydroxy unit on the carbonyl of the acid is a relatively poor leaving group. Nevertheless, the formation of five- and six-membered rings is often surprisingly simple provided that other factors can be brought into play to assist in the condensation.Recommanded Product: 53902-12-8

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Amberlyst A26 OH as a recyclable catalyst for hydration of nitriles and water-based synthesis of 4(1H)-quinazolinones from 2-aminobenzonitrile and carbonyl compounds was written by Tamaddon, Fatemeh;Pouramini, Farzaneh. And the article was included in Synlett in 2014.Quality Control of 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide This article mentions the following:

Selective hydration of nitriles to primary amides as well as the base-catalyzed synthesis of 2-substituted 4(1H)-quinazolinones, e.g., I, via reaction of 2-aminobenzonitrile with carbonyl compounds using macroporous Amberlyst A26 OH in H₂O-EtOH is described. The latter reaction proceeds via tandem hydration of 2-aminobenzonitrile, condensation of the in situ generated 2-aminobenzamide with carbonyl compounds, and cyclization of the imine intermediate to give the quinazolinone derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide (cas: 10268-06-1Quality Control of 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide).

2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide (cas: 10268-06-1) belongs to amides. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, such as in the amino acids asparagine and glutamine. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Quality Control of 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Manganese Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbamates and Urea Derivatives was written by Das, Uttam Kumar;Kumar, Amit;Ben-David, Yehoshoa;Iron, Mark A.;Milstein, David. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019.Formula: C13H24N2O This article mentions the following:

We report the hydrogenation of carbamates and urea derivatives, two of the most challenging carbonyl compounds to be hydrogenated, catalyzed for the first time by a complex of an earth-abundant metal. The hydrogenation reaction of these CO₂-derived compounds, catalyzed by a manganese pincer complex, yields methanol in addition to amine and alc., which makes this methodol. a sustainable alternative route for the conversion of CO₂ to methanol, involving a base-metal catalyst. Moreover, the hydrogenation proceeds under mild pressure (20 bar). Our observations support a hydrogenation mechanism involving the Mn-H complex. A plausible catalytic cycle is proposed based on informative mechanistic experiments In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7Formula: C13H24N2O).

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (cas: 2387-23-7) belongs to amides. Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases and do not have clearly defined acid–base properties in water. On the other hand, amides are much stronger bases than esters, aldehydes, and ketones. Ionic, or saltlike, amides are strongly alkaline compounds ordinarily made by treating ammonia, an amine, or a covalent amide with a reactive metal such as sodium.Formula: C13H24N2O

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives co-targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and bromodomain containing protein 4 for breast cancer therapy was written by Chang, Xiaosa;Sun, Dejuan;Shi, Danfeng;Wang, Guan;Chen, Yanmei;Zhang, Kai;Tan, Huidan;Liu, Jie;Liu, Bo;Ouyang, Liang. And the article was included in Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B in 2021.Computed Properties of C9H12N2O3 This article mentions the following:

This study was aimed to design the first dual-target small-mol. inhibitor co-targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) and bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4), which had important cross relation in the global network of breast cancer, reflecting the synthetic lethal effect. A series of new BRD4 and PARP1 dual-target inhibitors I [R¹ = H, 4,6-(OMe)₂; R² = C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHMe, etc.], II [R³ = H, 5-OMe, 4,6-(OMe)₂; n₁ = 0,1], III [R⁴ = H, 5-OMe, 4,6-(OMe)₂; R⁵ = 4-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl, 3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,2,4]triazolyl], IV [R⁶ = Cl, 3-F, 3-Cl, etc.; R⁷ = 2-benzamidyl, 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, 1H-indazol-6-yl, etc.; n₂ = 1,2,3,4,5] were discovered and synthesized by fragment-based combinatorial screening and activity assays that together led to the chem. optimization. Among these compounds, IV [R⁶ = H; R⁷ = 2-benzamidyl; n₂ = 2] was selected and exhibited micromole enzymic potencies against BRD4 and PARP1, resp. Compound IV [R⁶ = H; R⁷ = 2-benzamidyl; n₂ = 2] was further showed to efficiently modulate the expression of BRD4 and PARP1. Subsequently, compound IV [R⁶ = H; R⁷ = 2-benzamidyl; n₂ = 2] was found to induce breast cancer cell apoptosis and stimulate cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Following pharmacokinetic studies, compound IV [R⁶ = H; R⁷ = 2-benzamidyl; n₂ = 2] showed its antitumor activity in breast cancer susceptibility gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) wild-type MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 xenograft models without apparent toxicity and loss of body weight These results together demonstrated that a highly potent dual-targeted inhibitor was successfully synthesized and indicated that co-targeting of BRD4 and PARP1 based on the concept of synthetic lethality would be a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-4,6-dimethoxybenzamide (cas: 63920-73-0Computed Properties of C9H12N2O3).

2-Amino-4,6-dimethoxybenzamide (cas: 63920-73-0) belongs to amides. Amides can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid RC(=O)OH with the hydroxyl group –OH replaced by an amine group −NR′R″; or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group RC(=O)− joined to an amine group. Amides can be freed from solvent or water by drying below their melting points. These purifications can also be used for sulfonamides and acid hydrazides.Computed Properties of C9H12N2O3

Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics