Month: December 2022

Owston, Nathan A. published the artcileHighly efficient ruthenium-catalyzed oxime to amide rearrangement, Quality Control of 2447-79-2, the publication is Organic Letters (2007), 9(18), 3599-3601, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A wide range of aldoximes has been converted into the corresponding amides using the ruthenium-based catalyst Ru(PPh₃)₃(CO)H₂/dppe/TsOH. The amides were generated in high yield and selectivity, with catalyst loading as low as 0.04 mol %.

Organic Letters published new progress about 2447-79-2. 2447-79-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Benzene,Amide, name is 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, and the molecular formula is C7H5Cl2NO, Quality Control of 2447-79-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Owston, Nathan A. published the artcileIridium-catalyzed conversion of alcohols into amides via oximes, Application In Synthesis of 2447-79-2, the publication is Organic Letters (2007), 9(1), 73-75, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The iridium catalyst [Ir(Cp*)Cl₂]₂ is effective for the rearrangement of oximes to furnish amides. The reaction has been combined with catalytic transfer hydrogenation between an alc. and alkene to allow the conversion of alcs. into amides in a one-pot process.

Organic Letters published new progress about 2447-79-2. 2447-79-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Benzene,Amide, name is 2,4-Dichlorobenzamide, and the molecular formula is C7H5Cl2NO, Application In Synthesis of 2447-79-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kim, Inwon published the artcileFunctionalization of Pyridinium Derivatives with 1,4-Dihydropyridines Enabled by Photoinduced Charge Transfer, Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, the publication is Organic Letters (2020), 22(21), 8730-8734, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

By exploiting electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes between 1,4-dihydropyridines and N-amidopyridinium salts under visible light irradiation, we discovered that photoinduced intermol. charge transfer induces a single-electron transfer event without requiring a photocatalyst for the facile functionalization of pyridines. The generality of this method is amenable to various types of 1,4-dihydropyridine radical precursors to generate structurally different radicals such as alkyl, acyl, and carbamoyl radicals, ultimately providing facile access to synthetically valuable C4-functionalized pyridines. A broad range of functional groups are well accommodated under mild and metal-free conditions, and the synthetic utility of the present method is showcased by the late-stage functionalization of a variety of biol. relevant pyridine-based compounds, pharmaceuticals, and peptide feedstocks.

Organic Letters published new progress about 530-40-5. 530-40-5 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Amide, name is N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide, and the molecular formula is C10H14N2O, Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethylisonicotinamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Xiao published the artcileExploring the genotoxicity triggers in the MP UV/H₂O₂-chloramination treatment of bisphenol A through bioassay coupled with non-targeted analysis, Computed Properties of 79-07-2, the publication is Science of the Total Environment (2021), 145218, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known xenoestrogen, and UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation process (AOP) is one of the most effective technologies to remove BPA from water. Using BPA spiked tap water, a batch-scale photochem. experiment was conducted to investigate whether BPA can pose a genotoxicity concern during the medium pressure (MP) UV/H2O2 treatment and the post-chloramination. Samples at different UV exposure and post-chloramination durations were collected and analyzed by CALUX gene reporter assays regarding estrogen receptor α (ERα) and p53 transcriptional activity. MP UV/H2O2 process did not cause extra estrogenic effects from the degradation of BPA, whereas genotoxicity occurred when the treated water was exposed with monochloramine. Seven frequently reported nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) were detected, but none of them were responsible for the observed genotoxicity. Employed with gas chromatog.-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS), four compounds possibly contributed to the genotoxicity were tentatively identified and two of them with aminooxy- or cyano- group were considered as “new” N-DBPs. This study demonstrated that byproducts differ from their parent compounds in toxicity can be formed in the UV oxidation with post-disinfection process, which should become a cause for concern.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about 79-07-2. 79-07-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Inhibitor, name is 2-Chloroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C2H4ClNO, Computed Properties of 79-07-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kim, Byung Sik published the artcileSacubitril/valsartan reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, Formula: C24H29N5O3, the publication is Archives of Toxicology (2022), 96(4), 1065-1074, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Abstract: The induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported as a key contributor to the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that sacubitril/valsartan, a novel angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, could be effective against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. However, the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated whether the cardioprotective effects of sacubitril/valsartan are associated with ER stress modulation in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with i.p. injections of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg; cumulative) or saline for 3 wk. From the day before the first treatment, control animals were gavaged daily with water (n = 8), whereas doxorubicin-treated animals were gavaged daily with water (n = 8) or sacubitril/valsartan (60 mg/kg/day; n = 8) for 6 wk. Echocardiog. was performed 6 wk after the initiation of doxorubicin. In addition, serum troponin I and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide levels were determined, and the extent of apoptosis and protein levels related to ER stress in the cardiac tissue and doxorubicin-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes were analyzed. Sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduced doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis in the myocardium. In addition, sacubitril/valsartan significantly downregulated the expression levels of proteins related to apoptosis and ER stress, including BAX, caspase 3, GRP78, PERK, IRE-1α, ATF-6, eIF-2α, ATF-4, and CHOP, in the myocardium of a rat model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and doxorubicin-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Sacubitril/valsartan significantly alleviated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, which may be associated with the reduction of ER stress.

Archives of Toxicology published new progress about 137862-53-4. 137862-53-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class GPCR/G Protein,Angiotensin Receptor, name is (S)-2-(N-((2′-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)pentanamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C24H29N5O3, Formula: C24H29N5O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kwak, Dong-Wook published the artcileLeukotriene B₄ receptors are necessary for the stimulation of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β synthesis in neutrophil-dominant asthmatic airway inflammation, Safety of [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, the publication is Biomedicines (2021), 9(5), 535, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The stimulation of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and IL-1β synthesis are associated with chronic respiratory diseases such as neutrophildominant severe asthma. Leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) is a principal chemoattractant mol. for neutrophil recruitment, and its receptors BLT1 and BLT2 have been suggested to contribute to neutrophildominant asthmatic airway inflammation. However, the relationship between BLT1/2 and NLRP3 in neutrophil-dominant asthmatic airway inflammation has not been previously studied. In the present study, we investigated whether BLT1/2 play any roles in stimulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1βsynthesis. The blockade of BLT1 or BLT2 clearly suppressed the stimulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β synthesis in house dust mite (HDM)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neutrophilic airway inflammation. The enzymes 5-lipoxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase, which catalyze the synthesis of BLT1/2 ligands [LTB₄, 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HETE), and 12-hydroxyheptadecatreinoic acid (12-HHT)], were also critically associated with the stimulation of NLRP3 and IL-1β synthesis. Together, our results suggest that the 5-/12-LOX-BLT1/2-linked cascade are necessary for the simulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β synthesis, thus contributing to HDM/LPS-induced neutrophil-dominant airway inflammation.

Biomedicines published new progress about 321673-30-7. 321673-30-7 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,Scavenger receptor, name is [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, Safety of [(2-Hexylcyclopentylidene)amino]thiourea.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cashman, John R. published the artcileRelative hepatotoxicity of ortho and meta monosubstituted thiobenzamides in the rat, Application In Synthesis of 64559-06-4, the publication is Chemico-Biological Interactions (1983), 45(3), 341-7, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The hepatotoxicity of ortho and meta monosubstituted thiobenzamides was studied in rats injected i.p. with 2.0 mmol/kg of various monosubstituted compounds Among the meta-substituted compounds, hepatotoxicity varied in strict accordance with the electronic character of the substituent, whereas the ortho-substituted compounds showed no toxicity at comparable doses regardless of the nature of the substituent. Explanations for these substituent effects are provided in terms of the chem. reactivity of the compounds and their corresponding S-oxide and S,S-dioxide metabolites.

Chemico-Biological Interactions published new progress about 64559-06-4. 64559-06-4 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Benzene,Amide,Ether, name is 3-Methoxybenzothioamide, and the molecular formula is C8H9NOS, Application In Synthesis of 64559-06-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Karpun, Yevhen published the artcileThe investigation of antimicrobial activity of some s-substituted bis-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones, Computed Properties of 79-07-2, the publication is Pharmacia (Sofia, Bulgaria) (2021), 68(4), 797-804, database is CAplus.

New S-substituted 4-alkyl-(5-((3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-yl)thio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives have been designed, synthesized and studied their antimicrobial activity on 11 standard Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. microorganism strains. Their spectral and physicochem. parameters were established using modern comprehensive methods of anal., including ¹H NMR spectroscopy, GC-MS and elemental anal.It has been found that compound 2a exhibits strong suppression of 5 test strains (MBC = 15.6 μg/mL). Compound 4a showed moderate inhibition of Salmonella pullorum, Escherichia coli O₂ , Salmonella enteritidis strains (MBC = 31.25 μg/mL) Compound 6a was sensitive toward ten tested bacteria at 31.25μg/mL concentration

Pharmacia (Sofia, Bulgaria) published new progress about 79-07-2. 79-07-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Inhibitor, name is 2-Chloroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C2H4ClNO, Computed Properties of 79-07-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zazharskyi, V. published the artcilePhysicochemical properties of new S-derivatives of 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-thiols, Quality Control of 79-07-2, the publication is Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii (2020), 50-58, database is CAplus.

The alkylation of 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with bromoalkanes was carried out. Synthesis was accomplished by addition of equivalent amounts of bromoalkanes (bromomethane, bromoethane, bromobutane-bromodecane) to 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol in a methanol medium in the presence of an equivalent amount of sodium hydroxide. Compounds were obtained with a high yield. The next step was to investigate the reaction of 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with some other halogen-containing compounds, the mechanism of the reaction of which also relates to nucleophilic substitution. As halogen-containing compounds, we used bromoacetone, bromoacetophenone, chloroacetic acid and chloroacetamide. Under these conditions, a series of new compounds were synthesized. Structure of compounds was confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and elemental anal. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds towards cryogenic strains of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Bacillaceae, Listeriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Saccharomycetaceae families in vitro was also investigated. According to the data obtained, one can conclude that the investigated compounds can compete with kanamycin, a natural broad-spectrum antibiotic from the second generation of aminoglycosides, whose range of action includes gram-pos. and gram-neg. microorganisms. The compounds involved may be recommended for further investigation of their action against multi-resistant strains of microorganisms.

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii published new progress about 79-07-2. 79-07-2 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Inhibitor, name is 2-Chloroacetamide, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Quality Control of 79-07-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Browne, Elisse C. published the artcileEfficacy of peptide nucleic acid and selected conjugates against specific cellular pathologies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Name: 2-(N-(2-((((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)ethyl)-2-(2-(((benzhydryloxy)carbonyl)amino)-6-oxo-5H-purin-9(6H)-yl)acetamido)acetic acid, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry (2016), 24(7), 1520-1527, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Cellular studies have been undertaken on a nonamer peptide nucleic acid (PNA) sequence, which binds to mRNA encoding superoxide dismutase 1, and a series of peptide nucleic acids conjugated to synthetic lipophilic vitamin analogs including a recently prepared menadione (vitamin K) analog. Reduction of both mutant superoxide dismutase 1 inclusion formation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, two of the key cellular pathol. hallmarks in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, by two of the prepared PNA oligomers is reported for the first time.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 186046-83-3. 186046-83-3 belongs to amides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Purine,Carboxylic acid,Amine,Benzene,Amide,Others,PNA,, name is 2-(N-(2-((((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)ethyl)-2-(2-(((benzhydryloxy)carbonyl)amino)-6-oxo-5H-purin-9(6H)-yl)acetamido)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C40H35N7O8, Name: 2-(N-(2-((((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)ethyl)-2-(2-(((benzhydryloxy)carbonyl)amino)-6-oxo-5H-purin-9(6H)-yl)acetamido)acetic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics