Prolonged distribution of tranilast in the eyes after topical application onto eyelid skin was written by See, Gerard Lee;Arce, Florencio Jr.;Itakura, Shoko;Todo, Hiroaki;Sugibayashi, Kenji. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2020.COA of Formula: C18H17NO5 This article mentions the following:
Tranilast, a lipophilic drug with various ophthalmic applications, was used as a model drug to establish the possibility of delivering lipophilic drugs through the eyelid skin. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution studies were conducted employing three application methods (topical application onto eyelid skin, eye drops, and i.v. injection in rats) to broaden the significance of delivering drugs through the eyelids. A two-compartment open model anal. was used for i.v. route while a non-compartmental evaluation was used for topical applications to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters. Eyelid skin application, eye drops, and i.v. administration had mean residence times (MRTs) of 8.07, 1.79, and 3.25 h in the eyeball and 10.8, 1.29, and 2.97 h in the conjunctiva, correspondingly. In the eyeball, topical application of tranilast onto the eyelids corresponded to a 4.5- and 2.5-fold higher MRT compared with eye drops and i.v. administration, resp. An 8.4- or 3.6-fold higher MRT was observed in the conjunctiva after topical application compared with eye drops or i.v. administration, resp. This indicated a gradual penetration of tranilast into the eyeball and conjunctiva, subsequently a slow elimination from these target tissues. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8COA of Formula: C18H17NO5).
2-(3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)benzoic acid (cas: 53902-12-8) belongs to amides. The solubilities of amides and esters are roughly comparable. Typically amides are less soluble than comparable amines and carboxylic acids since these compounds can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. Tertiary amides, with the important exception of N,N-dimethylformamide, exhibit low solubility in water. In simple aromatic amides, fragmentation occurs on both sides of the carbonyl group. If a hydrogen is available in N-substituted aromatic amides, it tends to migrate and form an aromatic amine and the loss of a ketene.COA of Formula: C18H17NO5
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics