The author of 《Tuning gel state properties of supramolecular gels by functional group modification》 were Ghosh, Dipankar; Mulvee, Matthew T.; Damodaran, Krishna K.. And the article was published in Molecules in 2019. Recommanded Product: 64479-78-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:
The factors affecting the self-assembly process in low mol. weight gelators (LMWGs) were investigated by tuning the gelation properties of a well-known gelator N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide (4PINA). The N-H···N interactions responsible for gel formation in 4PINA were disrupted by altering the functional groups of 4PINA, which was achieved by modifying pyridyl moieties of the gelator to pyridyl N-oxides. We synthesized two mono-N-oxides (INO and PNO) and a di-N-oxide (diNO) and the gelation studies revealed selective gelation of diNO in water, but the two mono-N-oxides formed crystals. The mech. strength and thermal stabilities of the gelators were evaluated by rheol. and transition temperature (Tgel) experiments, resp., and the anal. of the gel strength indicated that diNO formed weak gels compared to 4PINA. The SEM image of diNO xerogels showed fibrous microcrystalline networks compared to the efficient fibrous morphol. in 4PINA. Single-crystal X-ray anal. of diNO gelator revealed that a hydrogen-bonded dimer interacts with adjacent dimers via C-H···O interactions. The non-gelator with similar dimers interacted via C-H···N interaction, which indicates the importance of specific non-bonding interactions in the formation of the gel network. The solvated forms of mono-N-oxides support the fact that these compounds prefer crystalline state rather than gelation due to the increased hydrophilic interactions. The reduced gelation ability (min. gel concentration (MGC)) and thermal strength of diNO may be attributed to the weak intermol. C-H···O interaction compared to the strong and unidirectional N-H···N interactions in 4PINA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3Recommanded Product: 64479-78-3)
N-(Pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide(cas: 64479-78-3) belongs to amides. Because of the greater electronegativity of oxygen, the carbonyl (C=O) is a stronger dipole than the N–C dipole. The presence of a C=O dipole and, to a lesser extent a N–C dipole, allows amides to act as H-bond acceptors.“,” In primary and secondary amides, the presence of N–H dipoles allows amides to function as H-bond donors as well. Recommanded Product: 64479-78-3
Referemce:
Amide – Wikipedia,
Amide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics